COVID-19-induced gastrointestinal autonomic dysfunction: A systematic review

Table 2 Summary of gastrointestinal symptoms encountered in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

Part of the digestive system	Symptoms
General symptoms	Anorexia (22.3%), early satiety
Oral cavity	Dysgeusia (early symptom 71% to 88.8%)
Esophagus	Heartburn, belching, chest pain, regurgitation, vomiting
Gastroduodenal tract	Epigastric burn, nausea, vomiting, peptic ulcer, bleeding
Pancreas	Elevated lipase, acute pancreatitis
Liver & biliary tract	Elevated liver enzymes, jaundice, acute cholecystitis
Lower gastrointestinal tract	Diarrhea (most common, 3% to 96%), abdominal pain (6.2%), bloating, irregular bowel movements, bleeding, ischemic colitis, constipation, intussusception