Application of laparoscopic surgery in gallbladder carcinoma

Table 3 Data of several existing studies in recent years

No.	1	2	3	4	5
Year	2019	2021	2020	2021	2022
Ref.	Feng et al[59]	Regmi et al[70]	Navarro et al[69]	Kim et al[68]	Cho et al[72]
Country	China	China	Korea	Korea	Korea
Number of patients (n)
Laparoscopy	41	20	43	17	19
Laparotomy	61	30	43	17	19
Operation time (min)
Laparoscopy	137 ± 92	258.3 ± 72.5	139.1 ± 97.1	175 (160-180)	218.9 ± 145.0
Laparotomy	168 ± 51	227.0 ± 59.8	211.2 ± 91.4	156 (120-191)	316.8 ± 80.3
P value	0.058	0.101	0.001	0.370	0.016
Blood loss (mL)
Laparoscopy	358 ± 390	242 ± 108.5	71.6 ± 178.8	300 (300-500)	-
Laparotomy	386 ± 391	401 ± 130.3	208.1 ± 242.2	300 (200-900)	-
P value	0.732	< 0.01	0.004	0.846	-
Postoperative hospital stays (d)
Laparoscopy	5 ± 3	6.2 ± 2.4	6.1 ± 9.8	7.0 (7.0-9.0)	8.4 ± 5.91
Laparotomy	11 ± 5	8.6 ± 2.3	12.6 ± 5.5	12.0 (10.0-14.0)	14.4 ± 6.01
P value	< 0.001	< 0.01	0.0001	0.009	0.004
Perforation (n)
Laparoscopy	8	-	-	-	0
Laparotomy	3	-	-	-	0
P value	0.069	-	-	-	-
Recurrence and metastasis (n)
Laparoscopy	12	2	-	3	-
Laparotomy	10	4	-	2	-
P value	0.121	0.722	-	0.446	-
3-yr survival rates
Laparoscopy	-	-	-	71.5%2	88.9%
Laparotomy	-	-	-	82.4%2	86.3%
P value	-	-	-	0.94	0.660
5-yr survival rates
Laparoscopy	51.9%	-	64.0%	-	-
Laparotomy	55.7%	-	80.4%	-	-
P value	0.453	-	0.214	-	-

¹Hospital stays.

²Disease-free survival.