Diagnosis, treatment protocols, and outcomes of liver transplant recipients infected with COVID-19

Table 2 Estimated mortality rates in liver transplantation recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 in the literature, n (%)

Ref.	Design	Origin	LT recipients with COVID-19	Mortality rate
Becchetti et al[22], 2020	Prospective, multicenter	Europe	57	7 (12.0)
Lee et al[28], 2020	Retrospective, single center	United States	38	7 (18.0)
Bhoori et al[48], 2020	Single center cohort study	Italy	111	3 (3.0)
Rabiee et al[66], 2020	Retrospective, multicenter	United States	112	25 (22.3)
Webb et al[33], 2020	Retrospective, multinational registry study, multicenter	International	151	28 (19.0)
Agnes et al[136], 2020	National survey, multicenter	Italy	24	5 (21.0)
Fraser et al[21], 2020	Systematic review and quantitative analysis	Europe	233	43 (19.3)
Ravanan et al[126], 2020	Multicenter national cohort study	United Kingdom	64	13 (20.3)
Loinaz et al[27], 2020	Retrospective, single center	Spain	19	2 (10.5)
Trapani et al[125], 2021	Nationwide population-based study	Italy	89	14 (15.7)
Belli et al[23], 2021	Retrospective, European registry, multicenter	Europe	243	49 (20.1)
Colmenero et al[24], 2021	Prospective, multicenter	Spain	111	20 (18.0)
Dumortier et al[25], 2021	Retrospective, nationwide registry, multicenter	France	91	19 (20.0)
Raszeja-Wyszomirska et al[137], 2021	Prospective, single center	Poland	81	2 (2.5)
Guarino et al[26], 2022	Prospective, double center	Italy	30	2 (6.7)

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; LT: Liver transplantation; NA: Not available.