Efficacy of bone grafts in jaw cystic lesions: A systematic review

Table 1 Data extracted from studies included in this review

Ref.	Study type	Treatment and number of patients in each group	Cyst type	Diameter (largest)	Follow-up time	Bone regeneration rate in area	Factors associated with effectiveness	Quantitative method used to assess bone regeneration	Risk of bias
Demir and Gunhan[15] 2021	Retrospective study	C (n = 11); D (n = 9); Cystectomy with platelet rich plasma (PRP) (n = 7)	DCs	2.22 ± 1.47 cm in the cystectomy group1	6 mo	51.9% in the cystectomy group1	PRP application accelerated the bone healing	Area and diameter obtained from panoramic X-ray	Some concerns
Wagdargi et al[16] 2016	Uncontrolled before-and-after study	C (n = 16)	DCs, KCOTs and RCs	3.01 cm (average)	6 mo	84%1	Relevant factor: location. Mandibular cavities exhibited higher density values compared to the maxilla	Diameter obtained from panoramic X-ray	Moderate
Rubio et al[17] 2015	Uncontrolled before-and-after study	C (n = 18)	Odontogenic cysts	2.84 cm (average)	6-24 mo, with an average of 8.8 mo	96.1% after 6 mo and 98.9% after 12 mo1	Irrelevant factor: age and cyst type	Diameter obtained from panoramic X-ray	Moderate
Chacko et al[18] 2015	Uncontrolled before-and-after study	C (less than 4 cm in diameter) (n = 15); cystectomy after 3 mo of decompression (larger than 4 cm) (n = 29)	Various, mainly KCOTs and DCs	3.19 ± 0.62 cm in the cystectomy group1	6 mo, 9 mo, 12 mo and 24 mo	54.0% after 6 mo and 92.1% after 12 mo in the cystectomy group1		Diameter and area obtained from panoramic X-ray	Moderate
Discacciati et al[19] 2012	Uncontrolled before-and-after study	C (n =9)	Idiopathic bone cavity	3.23 cm (average)	6 mo - 8 yr	100% after 6 mo		Diameter obtained from panoramic X-ray	Some concern
Kattimani et al[20] 2016	Randomized prospective comparative study	BG with eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite (EHA) (n =10); BG with synthetic hydroxyapatite (n =10)	RCs and residual cysts	< 2 cm (n = 7); > 2 cm (n = 13)	1 mo, 2 mo, 3 mo and 6 mo	100% after 6 mo in both groups		Radiographic changes in the margin and interior of the surgical site obtained from panoramic X-ray	Low
Kattimani et al[21] 2014	Randomized prospective comparative study	BG with bovine derived hydroxyapatite (n =12); BG with synthetic hydroxyapatite (n = 12)	RCs and residual cysts	2-6 cm	1 wk, 1 mo, 3 mo and 6 mo	100% after 6 mo in both groups		Radiographic changes in the margin and interior of the surgical site obtained from panoramic X-ray	Low
Kattimani et al[22] 2013	Uncontrolled before-and-after study	BG (n = 48) (hydroxyapatite graft material)	Periapical lesions, residual cyst, RCs	Not given	12 mo	94% after 6 mo and 96% after 12 mo		Radiographic changes in the margin and interior of the surgical site obtained from panoramic X-ray	Moderate
Nakkeeran et al[23] 2019	Randomized prospective comparative study	C (n =10); BG with platelet rich plasma, combined calcium sulfate and autologous bone graft (n = 10)	RCs	1-3.5 cm	5 mo	49% in the cystectomy group and 86.6% in the bone grafting group		Area and radiopacity scoring scale obtained from panoramic X-ray	Some concerns
Ludovichetti et al[24] 2018	Randomized prospective comparative study	Cystectomy (n = 10); BG with deproteinized bovine bone graft (n =10)	Odontogenic cyst	≥ 2 cm	12 mo	58.2% in the cystectomy group and 92.6% in the bone grafting group1		Volume obtained from CT scans	Low

¹Values calculated from the data provided in the article; the defect was assumed to be spherical. C: Cystectomy; BG: Cystectomy followed by bone grafting; D: Decompression; KCOT: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor; DC: Dentigerous cyst; RC: Radicular cyst.