Analysis of bacterial spectrum, activin A, and CD64 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complicated with pulmonary infections

Figure 2 Pulmonary infections promote activation of the neutrophil activin A/Smad3 signaling pathway. A: Western blot analysis of activin A and Smad3 levels in neutrophils; B: Comparison of the relative gray values of activin A between the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with pulmonary infections and those without; C: Comparison of the relative gray values of Smad3 between COPD patients with pulmonary infections and those without. ^dP < 0.001.