Mortality in patients with COVID-19 requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A meta-analysis

Table 2 Patient characteristics, clinical parameters, management, and primary complications of the included studies

Ref.	Age (yr)	Proportion of male (%)	Smoke	SOFA	PH	PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg)	Comorbidities	ECMO duration (d)	Pre-ECMO MV (d)	Complications
Zhang et al[31]	46 (35.5-52.5)	76.7%	NA	7 (4-10)	7.30 (7.19–7.36)	67.5 (58.9–77.8)	(1), (2), (3), (4), (5)	13 (8-20)	5 (2-6)	1, 2, 4, 5
Yang et al[18]	45.2 ± 14.5	57.1%	NA	6.5 (4.8-8.0)	7.30 (7.19–7.41)	60 (55.6-72.0)	(3), (4), (6)	9.1 (5.9-24.8)	1.5 (0.5-3.5)	1, 2, 6
Barbaro et al[16]	49 (41–57)	73.8%	NA	NA	NA	72 (59-94)	(2), (3), (4), (5), (6)	13.9 (7.8-23.3)	4 (1.8-6.4)	1, 3, 7, 8
Alnababteh et al[32]	44.5 ± 9.5	61.5%	1	9.3 ± 4.5	7.32 (7.23-7.39)	81.3 ± 20.3	(1), (2)	12 (10.4-16.2)	NA	1, 2, 6
Le Breton et al[27]	49.3	69.2%	4	9.9	7.28	59	(1)	13 (3-34)	6	1, 2
Guihaire et al[33]	48.8 ± 8.9	83.3%	2	NA	NA	67 (52–78)	(1), (2)	19 ± 10.1	6.3 (1-11)	1, 3
Jäckel et al[34]	60.8 (54.1-67.0)	26.7%	3	10 (8-11)	7.30 (7.23-7.40)	NA	(1), (2), (3), (4)	11.3 (7.8-23.8)	NA	NA
Jang et al[19]	63 (60-66)	79.0%	3	NA	7.30 (7.20-7.40)	92 (62.4-138.7)	(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6)	15.9 (7.7-28.2)	3.1 (0.8-5.5)	1, 4, 5, 6, 8
Schmidt et al[35]	49 (41-56)	73.5%	2	12 (9-13)	7.32 (7.24–7.38)	60 (54–68)	(1), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7)	NA	4 (3-6)	1, 2, 3, 5, 8
Riera et al[36]	50.5 (31-64)	84.2%	NA	NA	7.2 (6.9–7.4)	70.8 (57–118)	(1), (3)	10.7 (2-33)	NA	1, 3
Jacobs et al[24]	52.4 ± 12.5	68.8%	NA	NA	NA	NA	(2), (3), (4), (5)	7.3 ± 3.3	4.3 ± 2.4	NA
Bemtgen et al[37]	59.4 (49.8-61.1)	63.6%	NA	14 (13–16)	NA	NA	NA	17.9 (7.8-23.8)	NA	NA
Cousin et al[20]	57 (47-62)	80.0%	1	10 (7-12)	7.37 (7.32-7.41)	69 (63-75)	(1), (3), (4), (5), (7)	11 (7-14)	6 (4-9)	1, 2, 3, 6, 8
Sultan et al[28]	NA	70.0%	2	NA	NA	NA	(3), (4)	11 (4-14)	NA	6
Yankah et al[38]	51 (25-73)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	10.6	NA	NA
Kon et al[29]	40 (30.5-47)	85.2%	NA	NA	7.28 (7.22-7.39)	84 (70-118)	(1), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7)	11 (10-14)	2 (1-4)	3, 4, 6
Zayat et al[39]	57 (39-73)	64.7%	4	11.9 ± 9.4	7.3 (7.2-7.4)	53-75	(1), (3), (5), (6), (7)	16 (11-21)	3 (3-15)	1, 3, 5, 8
Mustafa et al[40]	48.4 (22-62)	75%	7	NA	NA	NA	(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6)	13.0 ± 2.6	4.0 ± 0.5	NA

NA: Not available; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score; MV: Mechanical ventilation; CNS: Central nervous system.

Mean ± SD or median (interquartile range).

Comorbidities: (1)-Hypertension; (2)-Diabetes; (3)-Lung disease; (4)-Obesity; (5)-Heart disease; (6)-Kidney disease; (7)-Immunosuppression.

Complications: 1-Hemorrhage; 2-Infection; 3-Thrombosis; 4-Pneumothorax; 5-Cardiovascular complications; 6-Renal complications; 7-Respiratory failures; 8-Neurological complications.