Antegrade in situ laser fenestration of aortic stent graft during endovascular aortic repair: A case report

Figure 2 Steps for fenestrations. A: The tip of the steerable sheath was adjusted to align with the ostium of the right renal artery (RRA); B: Progressive enlargement of the fenestration was performed using balloons; C: A trimmed pigtail catheter was used to guide the guidewire to the RRA; D: The bare stent region was released with a balloon anchored at the RRA; E: The covered bridging stent was deployed; F: Angiography demonstrated that the RRA was patent, with no endoleakage.