Anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer surgery: Retrospective analysis of risk factors

Table 3 Treatment related variables, n (%)

Patients, n	Leakage		P value
	Absent, n = 522	Present, n = 61
Mean operative time, min	115.0 ± 47.8	186.0 ± 40.2	0.0001
Intraoperative blood loss, mL	175.5 ± 45.0	365.0 ± 50.0	0.0001
Type of approach
Open	401 (89.8)	46 (10.2)	0.8
Laparoscopy	121 (89.0)	15 (11.0)
Location of anastomosis
Medium rectum	268 (93.1)	20 (6.9)	0.006
Low rectum	254 (86.1)	41 (13.9)
Mesorectal excision
Total	270 (86.9)	41 (13.1)	0.02
Partial	252 (92.7)	20 (7.3)
Site of vascular ligation
Inferior mesenteric artery	238 (86.0)	39 (14.0)	0.009
Superior hemorrhoidal artery	284 (92.9)	22 (7.1)
No. stapler cartridges used
1	332 (94.6)	19 (5.4)	0.0001
> 1	190 (81.9)	42 (18.1)
Diameter of circular stapler, mm
25	121 (94.6)	7 (5.4)	0.03
28	401 (88.2)	54 (11.8)
Diverting ileostomy
Present	267 (89.9)	30 (10.1)	0.7
Absent	255 (89.2)	31 (10.8)
Transanastomotic decompression tube
Present	184 (93.9)	12 (6.1)	0.01
Absent	338 (87.4)	49 (12.6)