Endothelial injury and inflammation in patients with hyperuricemic nephropathy at chronic kidney disease stages 1-2 and 3-4

Table 2 Differences in levels of biomarkers between chronic kidney disease 1-2 and chronic kidney 3-4

Markers (plasm or urine)	CKD 1-2 (n = 49)	CKD 3-4 (n = 31)	t/Z	P value
Plasm heparan sulfate (pg/mL)	410.37 (174.13-608.45)	853.59 (646.14-1032.49)	4.763	< 0.001c
Plasm endocan (pg/mL)	81.78 (48.23-120.75)	131.33 (60.02-199.01)	2.115	0.034a
Plasm Ox-LDL (ng/mL)	2.65 (1.58-3.67)	3.58 (1.94-5.03)	1.760	0.078
Plasm E-selectin (pg/mL)	396.33 (274.44-548.49)	558.75 (488.06-733.80)	3.672	< 0.001c
Plasm slCAM1 (ng/mL)	662.03 ± 32.28	991.55 ± 64.83	-4.906	< 0.001c
Urine L-PGDS (ng/mL)	0.10 (0.08-0.39)	0.63 (0.19-1.28)	3.580	< 0.001c
Plasm IL-1β (pg/mL)	33.42 (31.63-36.38)	36.60 (33.20-39.74)	2.732	0.006b
Plasm IL-6 (pg/mL)	12.12 (10.04-15.17)	18.16 (11.43-20.86)	2.899	0.004b
Urine IL-1β (pg/mL)	7.16 (5.46-12.16)	12.00 (7.84-18.24)	2.928	0.003b
Urine IL-6 (pg/mL)	2.18 (01.39-3.83)	7.42 (3.57-14.16)	4.370	< 0.001c

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

CKD: chronic kidney disease; Ox-LDL: Oxidized low density lipoprotein; slCAM1: Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1; L-PGDS: Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase; IL: Interleukin.