Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 21, 2022; 10(3): 966-984
Published online Jan 21, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.966
Table 2 The methodological quality of each included study was assessed by using the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool
Included study
Bias due to confounding
Bias in selection of participants into the study
Bias in classification of interventions
Bias due to deviations from intended interventions
Bias due to missing data
Bias in measurement of outcomes
Bias in selection of the reported result
Overall bias
Jong et al[21], 2019ModerateModerateLowLowLowLowLowModerate
Mahmoud et al[15], 2019ModerateModerateLowLowLowLowLowModerate
Xu et al[22], 2020ModerateModerateModerateLowLowLowModerateModerate
Choi et al[14], 2017SeriousModerateModerateLowLowLowModerateSerious
Jegadeesan et al[20], 2016SeriousModerateModerateLowLowLowModerateSerious
Lutgens et al[19], 2015SeriousModerateModerateLowLowLowLowSerious
Baars et al[13], 2011ModerateModerateModerateLowLowLowLowModerate
Velayos et al[12], 2006ModerateModerateModerateLowLowLowModerateModerate
Rutter et al[18], 2004ModerateModerateModerateLowNo informationLowModerateNo information