Prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among geriatric orthopedic trauma inpatients: A cross-sectional study

Table 2 Association between Huaxi Emotional-distress Index score and related factors

Variable		HEI ≤ 8	HEI > 8	t/χ2	P value
		(n = 891)	(n = 75)
Age (yr)		70.15 ± 7.08	70.32 ± 7.46	-0.2	0.842
ISS (points)		4.17 ± 3.10	7.96 ± 6.68	-4.862	< 0.001
VAS (points)		5.05 ± 1.09	6.89 ± 1.23	-13.92	< 0.001
Sex, n (%)	Male	448 (50.3)	39 (52.0)	0.082	0.775
	Female	443 (49.7)	36 (48.0)
Injury types, n (%)	Fracture	602 (67.6)	43 (57.3)	6.526	0.038
	Joint dislocation	62 (7.0)	3 (4)
	Soft tissue injury	227 (25.5)	29 (38.7)
Marital status, n (%)	Married	795 (89.2)	67 (89.3)	0.621	0.733
	Unmarried	7 (0.8)	0
	Divorced or widowed	89 (10.0)	8 (10.7)
Educational level, n (%)	Illiteracy	105 (11.8)	20 (26.7)	17.652	0.001
	Primary school	303 (34.0)	22 (29.3)
	High school	376 (42.2)	31 (41.3)
	Junior college and above	107 (12.0)	2 (2.7)
Surgery, n (%)	Emergency	87 (9.8)	7 (9.3)	0.049	0.976
	Elective	777 (87.2)	66 (88)
	None	27 (3.0)	2 (2.7)
Number of chronic diseases, n (%)	0	325 (36.5)	1 (1.3)	213.385	< 0.001
	1	429 (48.1)	34 (12.0)
	≥ 2	137 (15.4)	65 (86.7)

Values are expressed as the mean ± SD or n (%). ISS: Injury Severity Score; VAS: Visual Analog Score; HEI: Huaxi Emotional-distress Index.