Perioperative anesthesia management in pediatric liver transplant recipient with atrial septal defect: A case report

Figure 1 Echocardiographic imaging prior to surgery. Atrial and ventricular chambers are of normal size (no abnormal internal echoes) and expected thickness, with visible 0.3-cm echoic interruption of middle and lower atrial septum (slightly less than in the prior year). Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) reveals left-to-right red-colored streamers, shunt velocity not measured. Interventricular septum remains structurally intact. Valvular echoes appear satisfactory (opening/closing normally), exhibiting trace tricuspid systolic regurgitation (multicolored, mainly blue) by CDFI.