Intestinal microbiome changes in an infant with right atrial isomerism and recurrent necrotizing enterocolitis: A case report and review of literature

Table 7 Results of bacterial cultures and 16S rRNA gene-based fecal microbiota profiling

POD (DOL)	Fecal microbiome at the genus level, 16S rRNA	Fecal culture	Gastric culture	Pharynx smear culture	Blood culture	Antibacterial therapy
- (2)	-	-	-	-	No growth	No
- (7)	Escherichia/Shigella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Enterococcus	-	-	-	-	No
- (10)	-	No growth	-	Staphylococcus hominis	-	No
- (14)	Clostridium sensu stricto I, Escherichia/Shigella, Streptococcus, Actinobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Veillonella	-	-	No growth	No growth	CUR: POD 0-1 (perioperative prophylaxis)
5 (19)	-	No growth	Enterococcus faecalis R: TET	Escherichia coli S: CUR, PIT, GEN R: AMS	No growth	NEC IIA AMS: POD 1-7; MET: POD 2-6 GEN+PIT: POD 7-14
8 (22)	Escherichia/Shigella, Ruminococcus	No growth	-	-	-
18 (32)	-	No growth	No growth	Streptococcus oralis	-	No
21 (35)	Clostridium sensu stricto I, Escherichia/Shigella, Enterococcus	-	-	-	-	No
29 (43)	Clostridium sensu stricto I, Escherichia/Shigella, Veillonella	-	-	-	No growth	NEC IIA No
35 (49)	-	No growth	-	Streptococcus mitis, Rothia mucilaginosa	-	No
40 (54)	-	No growth	-	No growth	-	No

“-“: Examination was not carried out; POD: Postoperative day; DOL: Day of life; S: Sensitivity; R: Resistance; NEC: Necrotizing enterocolitis; antibiotics (according to EUCAST, ver. 10.0, 2020): CUR: Cefuroxime; PIT: Piperacillin/tazobactam; GEN: Gentamicin; AMS: Ampicillin/sulbactam; TET: Tetracycline; MET: Metronidazole.