Role of serum β2-microglobulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in diabetic nephropathy

Table 3 Comparison of β2-microglobulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels among the different disease groups (mean ± SE)

Group	n	β2-MG (mg/L)	HbA1c (%)	VEGF (ng/L)
Normal urinary protein group	32	3.37 ± 1.32	9.26 ± 1.33	170.16 ± 10.62
Microproteinuria group	35	4.19 ± 1.39	10.57 ± 1.21	175.45 ± 10.39
Massive proteinuria group	40	5.26 ± 1.29	12.34 ± 1.35	182.99 ± 10.97
F value		18.250	51.067	13.179
P value		0.000	0.000	0.000
LSD-t (normal urinary protein vs Microproteinuria)		2.516	4.119	2.025
P value		0.013	0.000	0.045
LSD-t (normal urinary protein vs massive proteinuria)		5.981	9.994	5.066
P value		0.000	0.000	0.000
LSD-t (microproteinuria vs massive proteinuria)		3.471	5.887	3.051
P value		0.001	0.000	0.003

LSD-t: Least significant difference; β2-MG: β2-microglobulin; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.