Rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glyceryl trinitrate, or combinations for prophylaxis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: A network meta-analysis

Table 2 Incidence and severity of post- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

Ref.	Group	Case (n)	PEP		Sex (M:F)	Age (yr)
			Mild PEP	Moderate to serve PEP
Murray et al[11], 2003	Diclofenac 100 mg	110	7	0	NA	NA
	Placebo	110	15	2	NA	NA
Sotoudehmanesh et al[12], 2007	Indomethacin	245	7	0	111:134	58.4 ± 17.1
	Placebo	245	10	5	115:130	58.4 ± 16.8
Elmunzer et al[14], 2012	Indomethacin	295	14	13	66:29	44.4 ± 13.5
	Placebo	307	25	27	60:47	46.0 ± 13.1
Otsuka et al[15], 2012	Diclofenac 50 mg	51	2	0	20:31	75
	Placebo	53	7	3	33:20	72
Döbrönte et al[16], 2014	Indomethacin	347	16	4	133:214	65.66 ± 16.21
	Placebo	318	18	4	106:212	67.68 ± 15.56
Andrade-Dávila et al[17], 2015	Indomethacin	82	3	1	31:51	51.59 ± 18.55
	Placebo	84	14	4	25:59	54.0 ± 17.85
Lua et al[18], 2015	Diclofenac 100 mg	69	4	3	34:35	50.3 ± 17.6
	Placebo	75	4	0	25:50	49.6 ± 16.8
Patai et al[19], 2015	Indomethacin	270	15	3	89:181	66.25 (23-100)
	Placebo	269	33	4	88:181	64.51 (20-95)
Levenick et al[20], 2016	Indomethacin	223	16	0	105:118	64.9
	Placebo	226	9	2	108:118	64.3
Luo et al[21], 2016	Indomethacin	992	22	7	NA	NA
	Placebo	1022	48	17	NA	NA
Mansour-Ghanaei et al[22], 2016	Naproxen	162	8	4	84:78	46.3 ± 8.3
	Placebo	162	18	10	89:73	44.7 ± 9.7
Patil et al[23], 2016	Diclofenac 100 mg	200	6	0	72:128	45.44
	Placebo	200	14	9	77:23	47.86
Mohammad et al[24], 2017	Diclofenac 100 mg	124	2	3	58:66	56.5 ± 18.7
	Indomethacin	122	3	4	57:65	58.0 ± 16.8
	Naproxen	126	7	12	60:66	54.8 ± 13.7
Katoh et al[26], 2019	Diclofenac 50 mg	147	7	1	82:65	74.3 ± 11.8
	Placebo	150	4	1	95:55	74.0 ± 12.7
Moretó et al[28], 2003	tra-GTN	71	2	1	44:27	66.7 ± 2
	Placebo	73	10	1	43:30	65.2 ± 2
Kaffes et al[29], 2006	tra-GTN	155	9	2	59:96	60 (47-72)
	Placebo	163	6	4	57:106	65 (54-75)
Nøjgaard et al[31], 2009	tra-GTN	401	4	14	164:237	67(18-95)
	Placebo	405	9	20	168:237	65(19-96)
Bhatia et al[32], 2011	tra-GTN	124	12	0	36:88	42 (18-76)
	Placebo	126	13	0	47:79	42.5 (19-90)
Sotoudehmanesh et al[33], 2014	Indomethacin+sub-GTN	150	8	2	76:74	58.4 ± 17.8
	Placebo	150	19	4	70:80	58.6 ± 17.5
Wang et al[9], 2020	Indomethacin+sub-GTN	176	5	4	Female	63.5 ± 14.4
	Placebo	176	14	20	Female	66.87 ± 13

PEP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; M: Male; F: Female; NA: Not available; sub-GTN: Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate; tra-GTN: Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate.