Effects of Kampo medicine hangebyakujutsutemmato on persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: A retrospective pilot study

Figure 2 Niigata persistent postural-perceptual dizziness questionnaire subcategory score changes after hangebyakujutsutemmato treatment for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness. A-C: There was no significant difference in the Niigata persistent postural-perceptual dizziness questionnaire (NPQ) subcategory scores in the non-hangebyakujutsutemmato (HBT) group except for the NPQ visual subcategory; A: Upright posture/walking: Baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.67; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P = 0.73; baseline vs 2 mo, P = 0.41; B: Movement: Baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.50; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P > 0.99; baseline vs 2 mo, P = 0.38; C: Visual stimulation: Baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.11; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P = 0.53; baseline vs 2 mo, P = 0.02); D-F: In the HBT group, NPQ subcategory scores showed statistically significant differences; D: Upright posture/walking: Baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.04; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P = 0.005; baseline vs 2 mo, P < 0.001; E: Movement: Baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.01; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P = 0.006; baseline vs 2 mo, P < 0.001; F: Visual stimulation, baseline vs 1 mo, P = 0.002; 1 mo vs 2 mo, P = 0.03; baseline vs 2 mo, P < 0.001. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001. NS: Not significant; NPQ: Niigata PPPD questionnaire; HBT: Hangebyakujutsutemmato; PPPD: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.