Difference between type 2 gastroesophageal varices and isolated fundic varices in clinical profiles and portosystemic collaterals

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and laboratory tests in different groups of enrolled patients

Variables		Total (222)	GOV2 (109)		IGV1 (113)	P value	IGV1 (113)
							Liver cirrhosis (67)	Pancreatic diseases (38)	Others (8)	P value
Gender, n (M/F)		128/94	70/39		58/55	0.052	33/34	22/16	3/5	0.497
Age, yr		53.52 ± 12.20	53.00 ± 11.92		54.03 ± 12.51	0.532	55.61 ± 10.75	50.16 ± 14.74	59.13 ± 11.38	0.047
Peripheral blood routine examination
Erythrocytes (1012/L)	3.32 ± 0.78		3.20 ± 0.73		3.44 ± 0.81	0.022	3.47 ± 0.86	3.33 ± 0.75	3.83 ± 0.62	0.315
Leukocyte (109/L)	3.94 (2.56-5.62)		3.28 (2.00-5.32)		4.42 (3.29-5.86)	0.001	3.85 (2.75-5.52)	5.08 (3.79-7.61)	4.50 (4.27-5.86)	0.034
Platelet (109/L)	87.50 (57.00-148.75)		70.00 (49.00-137.00)		113.00 (73.00-156.00)	0.001	84.00 (59.00-129.00)	147.00 (96.00-181.00)	117.00 (115.00-187.00)	< 0.001
Biochemistry
ALT (U/L)	28.00 (18.00-41.00)		28.00 (20.00-39.25)		27.00 (14.00-44.00)	0.403	34.00 (21.00-48.00)	18.00 (10.00-32.00)	12.00 (7.00-23.00)	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	33.00 (22.00-49.00)		35.00 (24.75-51.00)		31.00 (19.00-47.50)	0.095	41.00 (25.00-62.00)	19.00 (15.00-31.00)	20.00 (12.00-24.00)	< 0.001
ALP (U/L)	84.00 (64.00-126.00)		85.00 (67.75-119.25)		82.00 (59.00-128.00)	0.515	92.00 (62.00-139.00)	71.00 (51.00-113.00)	82.00 (49.00-100.00)	0.163
γGT (U/L)	35.00 (19.00-75.00)		36.50 (20.00-75.00)		33.00 (16.00-78.50)	0.523	46.00 (25.00-84.00)	21.00 (11.00-60.00)	19.00 (8.00-23.00)	0.001
T-Bil (µmol/L)	18.20 (13.00-26.00)		19.70 (14.83-29.45)		16.70 (10.65-24.05)	0.003	18.00 (13.00-26.70)	13.90 (9.80-19.40)	12.50 (10.20-16.70)	0.045
Albumin (g/L)	34.73 ± 6.43		33.54 ± 5.87		35.93 ± 6.77	0.007	34.64 ± 7.06	37.54 ± 5.87	39.40 ± 6.09	0.046
INR	1.22 (1.10-1.38)		1.27 (1.14-1.44)		1.18 (1.06-1.31)	0.001	1.22 (1.08-1.39)	1.12 (1.04-1.20)	1.04 (0.99-1.43)	0.021
Cholesterol	3.37 (2.68-4.15)		3.14 (2.54-4.04)		3.64 (2.82-4.35)	0.036	3.55 (2.82-4.27)	3.75 (2.96-4.77)	3.43 (2.30-7.95)	0.607
Child-Pugh classification (A/B/C)	113/70/4		48/49/1		65/21/3	< 0.001	35/14/3	26/7/0	4/0/0	0.467
MELD	10.00 (8.00-11.00)		10.00 (8.00-12.50)		9.00 (7.00-11.00)	0.006	10.00 (8.00-11.00)	8.00 (7.00-9.00)	7.00 (6.50-10.00)	0.007
Endoscopic findings
Portal hypertensive gastropathy	28/222 (12.61%)			24/109 (22.02%)	4/113 (3.54%)	< 0.001	4/67 (5.97%)	0	0		/
Peptic ulcer	42/222 (18.92%)			12/109 (11.01%)	30/113 (26.55%)	0.003	26/67 (38.81%)	4/38 (10.53%)	0		0.001

Note: Continuous variables were presented as median (25th–75th percentiles) (skewed distribution) or mean ± SD (Gaussian distribution), and categorical variables are presented as count (percentage). Normal ranges: Erythrocytes: 4.3 × 10¹²/L-5.8 × 10¹²/L; Leukocyte: 3.5 × 10⁹/L-9.5 × 10⁹/L; Platelet: 125 × 10⁹/L-350 × 10⁹/L; Alanine aminotransferase: 5-40 U/L; Aspartate aminotransferase: 8-40 U/L; Alkaline phosphatase: 40-150 U/L; γ-glutamyl transpeptidase: 11-50 U/L; total bilirubin: 5.1-19.0 μmol/L; Albumin: 35-55 g/L; International normalized ratio: 0.80-1.31; cholesterol: < 5.2 mmol/L. GOV2: Gastroesophageal varices; IGV1: Isolated gastric varices; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; γ-GT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; T-BIL: Total bilirubin; INR: International normalized ratio.