Effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy for patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction: A Japanese population-based cohort study

Table 3 Factors affecting for patency

Factor	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Crude HR (95%CI)	P value	Adjusted HR (95%CI)	P value
BSC	1		1
Chemotherapy after the intervention	0.50 (0.42-0.59)	< 0.001	0.49 (0.41-0.59)	< 0.001
Age
Young (< 75 yr)	1		1
Elder (≥ 75 yr)	1.10 (0.92-1.33)	0.302	0.96 (0.79-1.17)	0.701
Sex
Male	1		1
Female	1.01 (0.85-1.20)	0.879	1.00 (0.84-1.19)	0.991
Charlson co-morbidity index
< 3	1		1
≥ 3	1.44 (1.21-1.72)	< 0.001	1.41 (1.18-1.69)	< 0.001
Barthel index
≥ 60	1		1
< 60	1.57 (1.24-1.97)	< 0.001	1.55 (1.22-1.97)	< 0.001
Medication
Aspirin non-use	1		1
Aspirin use	1.00 (0.67-1.49)	0.992	0.82 (0.55-1.24)	0.350
Thienopyridine non-use	1		1
Thienopyridine use	0.89 (0.50-1.58)	0.700	0.77 (0.43-1.37)	0.367
Warfarin non-use	1		1
Warfarin use	0.97 (0.52-1.82)	0.935	0.89 (0.47-1.67)	0.707
DOACs non-use	1		1
DOACs use	1.22 (0.88-1.70)	0.224	1.28 (0.92-1.79)	0.137
Other antiplatelet drugs non-use	1		1
Other antiplatelet drugs use	1.05 (0.66-1.66)	0.833	1.05 (0.66-1.66)	0.851
NSAIDs non-use	1		1
NSAIDs use	0.92 (0.78-1.10)	0.367	1.05 (0.87-1.26)	0.603
Steroid non-use	1		1
Steroid use	1.19 (1.00-1.42)	0.046	1.05 (0.88-1.26)	0.603
Cancer type
Esophageal cancer	1		1
Gastric cancer	0.86 (0.64-1.16)	0.321	0.98 (0.71-1.34)	0.888
Pancreatic cancer	1.11 (0.80-1.52)	0.531	1.18 (0.85-1.64)	0.324
Colorectal cancer	0.42 (0.30-0.57)	< 0.001	0.67 (0.47-0.95)	0.024
Other cancers	0.75 (0.55-1.03)	0.073	0.97 (0.69-1.36)	0.858
Cancer stage
Stage I-III	1		1
Stage IV or recurrence	1.87 (1.46-2.39)	< 0.001	1.65 (1.28-2.14)	< 0.001
Obstruction site
Esophageal obstruction	1		1
Gastroduodenal obstruction	0.88 (0.68-1.13)	0.325	1.22 (0.80-1.88)	0.356
Lower gastrointestinal obstruction	0.51 (0.39-0.66)	< 0.001	1.30 (0.81-2.08)	0.269
Non-chemotherapy before the intervention	1		1
Chemotherapy before the intervention	2.11 (1.78-2.50)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.36-1.98)	< 0.001
Intervention type
Palliative surgery	1		1
SEMS placement	2.84 (2.38-3.39)	< 0.001	2.48 (2.03-3.03)	< 0.001

CI: Confidence interval; DOACs: Direct oral anticoagulants; HR: Hazard ratio; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SEMS: Self-expandable metal stent.