Scedosporium apiospermum infection of the lumbar vertebrae: A case report

Table 1 Contrast in reports of infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum around the world

Ref.	Age (yr), Sex	Pathogenesis	Site of infection	Symptoms	Diagnostic method	Characteristics of S. apiospermum	Therapeutic method	Therapeutic drugs	Duration of medication	Outcome
Agarwal et al[3], 2021	62, Male	Not reported	Right index finger	Swelling of the right index finger	Microscopy, culture, and identification of the pathogen	The surface of the colonies was brownish gray to black, the back surface was black, and microscopically, a single, oval, colorless, basal truncated ring spore could be seen germinating from the ring	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported
Agarwal et al[4], 2021	62, Male	Not reported	Left eye	Redness and sudden loss of vision in the left eye	Bacterial culture and identification	Vitreous sample and the explanted intraocular lens inoculated onto BA, CA, and SDA showed colonies with a clear outer pale zone and central brownish growth with mycelial tufts suggestive of S. apiospermum	Medication	Voriconazole	6 mo	Recovery
Chen et al[5], 2016	62, Male	Near drowning	Brain and lungs	Persistent headache and urinary incontinence	Cerebrospinal fluid culture and strain identification	Not reported	Medication	Voriconazole and terbinafine	6 mo	Recovery
Todokoro et al [12], 2018	75, Male	Hypertension, colon cancer, and metastatic hepatic tumor	Left eye	Decreased visual acuity in the left eye	DNA sequencing, PCR	Microscopic features: septate hyphae 2 μm in diameter and branching irregularly, along with the production of lateral and terminal conidia, which were round or oval (3-5 by 5-10 μm)	Medication	Voriconazole	5 mo	Partial recovery
Oliveira et al[17], 2013	58, Female	Prior injury to foot while handling a dairy cow	Left foot	Swelling and pain in the left foot	Tissue culture	Not reported	Medication	Itraconazole	Not reported	Recovery
Girmenia et al[20], 1998	25, Male	Acute myeloid leukemia	Face	Pain in the face, multiple papular skin lesions	Bacterial culture and identification	Microscopic examination showed septate hyaline hyphae with conidia 9 by 5 mm in diameter borne terminally, singly, or in small groups on elongated simple or branched conidiophores or laterally on hyphae	Medication	Voriconazole	1 mo	Death

S. apiospermum: Scedosporium apiospermum; BA: Blood agar; CA: Chocolate agar; SDA: Sabouraud dextrose agar; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.