Early warning prevention and control strategies to reduce perioperative venous thromboembolism in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Table 1 Characteristics of the patients in two groups

Item	Control (n = 128)	Early warning (n = 136)	P value
Sex, n (%)
Male	72 (56.3)	69 (50.7)	0.369
Female	56 (43.8)	67 (49.3)
Age (years), mean ± SD	65.9 ± 11.3	63.4 ± 12.7	0.096
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	21.6 ± 3.3	22.3 ± 4.2	0.108
Education, n (%)			0.263
Junior middle school and below	36 (28.1)	41 (30.2)
Senior high school and technical secondary school	59 (40.1)	50 (36.8)
Junior college and undergraduate and above	33 (25.8)	45 (33.1)
Marital status, n (%)			0.736
Living with a spouse	86 (67.2)	94 (66.9)
Unmarried, widowed or divorced	42 (32.8)	42 (30.9)
Hypertension, n (%)	23 (17.9)	19 (14.0)	0.375
Diabetes, n (%)	18 (14.1)	24 (17.6)	0.402
Hyperlipemia, n (%)	15 (11.7)	18 (13.2)	0.710
Preoperative VTE risk classification, n (%)			0.488
Moderate risk	52 (40.6)	61 (44.9)
High risk	76 (59.4)	75 (55.2)
TNM, n (%)			0.928
I	34 (26.6)	39 (28.7)
II	51 (39.9)	53 (39.0)
III	43 (33.6)	44 (32.4)
Surgical method, n (%)			0.524
Radical resection of gastric cancer	68 (53.1)	70 (51.5)
Radical resection of rectal cancer	42 (32.8)	40 (29.4)
Radical resection of colon cancer	18 (14.1)	26 (19.12)
Operation time (min), mean ± SD	118.5 ± 45.7	121.8 ± 51.9	0.247
Intraoperative blood loss (mL), mean ± SD	85.3 ± 21.6	89.7 ± 23.6	0.076
Length of hospital stay (day), mean ± SD	15.27 ± 2.68	14.69 ± 2.35	0.062

SD: Standard deviation; VTE: Venous thromboembolism; BMI: Body mass index.