Outcomes and complications of open, laparoscopic, and hybrid giant ventral hernia repair

Table 1 Patient characteristics (mean ± SD)

	Open procedure (n = 82)	Laparoscopic procedure (n = 73)	Hybrid procedure (n = 153)	P value
Age (yr)	63.2 ± 16.2	60.8 ± 15.8	62.6 ± 15.5	0.608
Male sex	33 (40.2)	27 (37.0)	56 (36.6)	0.852
BMI (kg/m2)	31.4 ± 5.3	29.5 ± 5.0	30.9 ± 4.8	0.054
Maximum hernia diameter (cm)	13.2 ± 3.6	12.7 ± 3.1	13.4 ± 3.4	0.370
Cerebral or cardiovascular disease	24 (29.2)	18 (24.7)	41 (26.8)	0.810
Diabetes mellitus	22 (26.8)	20 (27.4)	43 (28.1)	0.978
Other diseases related to increased IAP	23 (28. 0)	19 (26.0)	34 (22.2)	0.586
Chronic cough	8	8	8	0.240
Benign prostatic hyperplasia	5	4	10	0.953
Chronic constipation	10	8	16	0.921
Preoperative VAS pain score	0.41 ± 0.89	0.51 ± 0.75	0.62 ± 0.92	0.212

Data are reported as mean ± SD, or n (%). BMI: Body mass index; IAP: Intra-abdominal pressure; VAS: Visual analogue scale.