Zinc carnosine-based modified bismuth quadruple therapy vs standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled study

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study population

Variable	MBQT (n = 46)	TT (n = 46)
	(mean ± SD)
Age	35.83 ± 7.41 yr	27.93 ± 6.78 yr
Mean body mass index	26.08 ± 4.57 kg/m2	26.67 ± 3.65 kg/m2
	% (n)
Sex
Female	32.6% (15)	32.6% (15)
Male	67.4% (31)	67.4% (31)
Patients who smoke	17.4% (8)	19.6% (9)
Patients with previous antibiotics intake	17.4 % (8)	4.3% (2)
Ethnicity
African	10.9% (5)	10.9% (5)
Araba	26.1% (12)	30.4% (14)
Asianb	63% (29)	58.7% (27)

^aArab: The included countries were the United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Jordan and Egypt.

^bAsian: Mainly from east Asia; the included countries were India, Philippines and Pakistan.

MBQT: modified bismuth quadruple therapy; SD: Standard deviation.