Influence of overweight and obesity on the mortality of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Table 2 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of 2327 patients admitted to hospital with pneumonia in different survival state groups

Characteristics	Survival (n = 2221)	Death (n = 106)	P value
Age (yr), (median, IQR), n (%)	68 (55, 79)	78.5 (70, 85.25)	< 0.001
< 65	955 (43.0)	17 (16.0)	< 0.001
≥ 65	1266 (57.0)	89 (84.0)
Sex, n (%)			0.206
Male	1287 (57.9)	68 (64.2)
Female	934 (42.1)	38 (35.8)
BMI (kg/m2), (median, IQR), n (%)	23.44 (20.57, 25.99)	21.10 (18.40, 24.08)	< 0.001
Underweight	270 (12.2)	27 (25.5)	< 0.001
Normal weight	962 (43.3)	51 (48.1)
Overweight/obesity	988 (44.5)	28 (26.4)
Diabetes history, n (%)	442 (20.2)	39 (37.9)	< 0.001
Smoking history (yr), n (%)	409 (18.8)	10 (9.7)	0.020
Consciousness, n (%)			< 0.001
Conscious	2038 (91.8)	77 (72.6)
Confusion	183 (8.2)	29 (27.4)
RR (breaths/min), (median, IQR), n (%)	20 (20, 20)	20 (19, 24)	0.093
< 30	2135 (96.1)	96 (90.6)	0.010
≥ 30	86 (3.9)	10 (9.4)
SBP (mmHg), (median, IQR), n (%)	130.0 (116.0, 144.0)	130.0 (104.5, 150.0)	0.186
≥ 90	2178 (98.1)	94 (88.7)	< 0.001
< 90	43 (1.9)	12 (11.3)
DBP (mmHg), (median, IQR), n (%)	79.0 (70.0, 86.0)	77.5 (62.8, 86.0)	0.078
> 60	1989 (89.6)	82 (77.4)	< 0.001
≤ 60	232 (10.4)	24 (22.6)
WBC (109/L), (median, IQR), n (%)	7.99 (5.80, 11.39)	11.65 (8.67, 16.38)	< 0.001
Normal	1258 (56.6)	32 (30.2)	< 0.001
Abnormal	963 (43.4)	74 (69.8)
NEUT (109/L), (median, IQR), n (%)	5.86 (3.74, 9.00)	10.02 (6.88, 14.64)	< 0.001
Normal	1099 (49.5)	20 (18.9)	< 0.001
Abnormal	1122 (50.5)	86 (81.1)	< 0.001
CRP (mg/L), (median, IQR), n (%)	24.96 (4.52, 78.38)	52.48 (18.27, 139.64)	< 0.001
≤ 10 mg/L	626 (28.2)	11 (10.4)	< 0.001
> 10 mg/L	1595 (71.8)	95 (89.6)
BUN (mmol/L), (median, IQR), n (%)	5.50 (4.10, 7.70)	8.95 (5.65, 14.33)	< 0.001
Normal	1507 (67.9)	48 (45.3)	< 0.001
Abnormal	714 (32.1)	58 (54.7)
ALB (g/L), (median, IQR), n (%)	35.70 (31.90, 39.20)	31.20 (28.00, 34.30)	< 0.001
Normal	1159 (52.2)	22 (20.8)	< 0.001
Abnormal	1062 (47.8)	84 (79.2)
HOD (days), (median, IQR)	9 (7, 14)	15 (6, 25)	0.014
Ventilator use, n (%)	200 (9.1)	50 (47.6)	< 0.001
ICU admission, n (%)	310 (14.0)	56 (52.8)	< 0.001
CURB-65 score, (median, IQR), n (%)	1 (0, 2)	2 (1, 3)	< 0.001
Low risk	1542 (69.4)	34 (32.1)	< 0.001
Medium risk	491 (22.1)	36 (34.0)
High risk	188 (8.5)	36 (34.0)

Data are expressed as medians with interquartile ranges or n with percentiles %. When data were not normally distributed, they were Log-n transformed for analysis. The CURB-65 score is a tool for assessing the severity of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, including new onset confusion; urea > 7 mmol/L; respiratory rate ≥ 30 breaths/min, systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≤ 60 mmHg; and age ≥ 65 years. Normal weight: 18.5 kg/m² BMI ≤ 23.9 kg/m²; Overweight: BMI ≥ 24 kg/m²; Underweight: BMI <18.5 kg/m². BMI: Body mass index; IQR: Interquartile range; ALB: Albumin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CRP: C-reactive protein; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; HOD: Hospital day; ICU: Intensive care unit; NEUT: Neutrophil granulocyte; RR: Respiratory rate; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; WBC: White blood cell.