Predictive power of statistical significance

Table 1 Statistically significant research findings can represent a true positive or false positive

	Reality
Study findings		Alternative hypothesis true	Null hypothesis true
	Significant P-value ≤ 0.05	True positive	False positive
	Insignificant P-value > 0.05	False negative	True negative

Similarly, statistically insignificant findings may represent a true or false negative.