Towards automated calculation of evidence-based clinical scores

Table 3 Summary of importance of automation of specified clinical scores ranked by critical care and internal medicine physicians

Score name	Year of creation	n of variables	Very important	Very important or nice to have
Critical care
APACHE II	1985	15	9/14 (64.3%)	12/14 (85.7%)
SNAP II	2001	9	7/11 (63.6%)	9/11 (81.8%)
NRDS scoring system	1998	5	7/12 (58.3%)	10/12 (83.3%)
Post-anesthetic recovery score	1970	5	7/12 (58.3%)	9/12 (75%)
Rotterdam score	1997	4	7/12 (58.3%)	8/12 (66.7%)
SNAP	1993	27	7/12 (58.3%)	9/12 (75%)
SNAP-PE	1993	30	7/12 (58.3%)	9/12 (75%)
SNAP-PE II	2001	12	7/12 (58.3%)	9/12 (75%)
Wells criteria for DVT	2006	9	7/12 (58.3%)	9/12 (75%)
Wells criteria for PE	1998	7	7/12 (58.3%)	10/12 (83.3%)
PAWS	2008	7	6/11 (54.5%)	8/11 (72.7%)
CRIB	1993	5	6/12 (50%)	8/12 (66.7%)
CRIB II	2003	5	6/12 (50%)	8/12 (66.7%)
MSSS	2002	7	6/12 (50%)	8/12 (66.7%)
PELOD score	1999	13	3/6 (50%)	4/6 (66.7%)
SAPS II	1993	16	5/10 (50%)	7/10 (70%)
TIMI risk index	2006	3	5/11 (45.5%)	8/11 (72.7%)
TRISS	1987	9	4/9 (44.4%)	6/9 (66.7%)
Children's coma score	1984	3	3/7 (42.9%)	4/7 (57.1%)
PRISM score	1988	16	3/7 (42.9%)	5/7 (71.4%)
CURB-65	2003	5	5/12 (41.7%)	8/12 (66.7%)
SCORETEN scale	2000	6	5/12 (41.7%)	9/12 (75%)
MEWS score	2006	6	4/10 (40%)	6/10 (60%)
Rockall score	2008	11	3/8 (37.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
TRIOS score	2001	4	3/8 (37.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
Geneva score for PE	2006	9	4/11 (36.4%)	7/11 (63.6%)
Injury Severity Score	1974	6	4/11 (36.4%)	8/11 (72.7%)
Lung Injury score	1988	5	4/11 (36.4%)	8/11 (72.7%)
MPMII - admission	1993	14	4/11 (36.4%)	6/11 (54.5%)
MPMII - 24-48-72	1993	14	4/11 (36.4%)	6/11 (54.5%)
LODS score	1996	12	3/9 (33.3%)	7/9 (77.8%)
MEDS score	2003	10	3/9 (33.3%)	6/9 (66.7%)
MESS score	1990	5	4/12 (33.3%)	7/12 (58.3%)
Parsonnet Score	1989	14	4/12 (33.3%)	7/12 (58.3%)
Pediatric coma scale	1988	3	2/6 (33.3%)	3/6 (50%)
RAPS	1987	5	3/9 (33.3%)	7/9 (77.8%)
Surgical Apgar score	2007	3	4/12 (33.3%)	8/12 (66.7%)
ASCOT score	1990	8	4/13 (30.8%)	6/13 (46.2%)
MELD score	2001	4	4/13 (30.8%)	12/13 (92.3%)
PIM2	2003	8	2/7 (28.6%)	5/7 (71.4%)
SWIFT score	2008	6	2/7 (28.6%)	4/7 (57.1%)
Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score	1991	8	3/11 (27.3%)	9/11 (81.8%)
MPM-24 h	1988	15	3/11 (27.3%)	6/11 (54.5%)
Child-Pugh Score	1973	5	3/12 (25%)	11/12 (91.7%)
Decaf score	2012	5	2/8 (25%)	4/8 (50%)
ONTARIO score	1995	6	2/8 (25%)	4/8 (50%)
AKICS score	2007	8	3/13 (23.1%)	7/13 (53.8%)
AVPU scale	2004	4	2/9 (22.2%)	6/9 (66.7%)
PERC rule for PE	2001	7	2/9 (22.2%)	6/9 (66.7%)
RIETE score	1988	6	2/9 (22.2%)	6/9 (66.7%)
BISAP score for pancreatitis mortality	2008	5	2/10 (20%)	4/10 (40%)
Bleeding risk score	2007	4	2/10 (20%)	6/10 (60%)
Clinical asthma evaluation score	1972	5	2/10 (20%)	6/10 (60%)
PIRO score	2009	8	2/10 (20%)	7/10 (70%)
ABC score for massive transfusion	2009	4	2/11 (18.2%)	6/11 (54.5%)
ACLS score	1981	4	2/11 (18.2%)	7/11 (63.6%)
MOD score	1995	7	2/11 (18.2%)	8/11 (72.7%)
MPM - admission	1988	10	2/11 (18.2%)	6/11 (54.5%)
sPESI	2010	8	2/11 (18.2%)	7/11 (63.6%)
ABIC score	2008	4	2/12 (16.7%)	5/12 (41.7%)
CRUSADE score	2009	8	2/12 (16.7%)	6/12 (50%)
Pediatric trauma score	1988	6	1/6 (16.7%)	2/6 (33.3%)
LRINEC Score for Necrotizing STI	2004	5	1/8 (12.5%)	4/8 (50%)
Panc 3 score	2007	3	1/8 (12.5%)	3/8 (37.5%)
Pancreatitis outcome score	2007	7	1/8 (12.5%)	3/8 (37.5%)
TASH score	2006	7	1/8 (12.5%)	4/8 (50%)
POSSUM score	1991	18	1/9 (11.1%)	3/9 (33.3%)
Revised Trauma score	1981	3	1/9 (11.1%)	5/9 (55.6%)
24 h ICU trauma score	1992	4	1/10 (10%)	7/10 (70%)
HIT Expert Probability Score	2010	11	1/11 (9.1%)	6/11 (54.5%)
Bronchiectasis severity index	2014	10	1/12 (8.3%)	4/12 (33.3%)
Oxygenation index	2005	3	1/13 (7.7%)	7/13 (53.8%)
CT severity index	1990	1	0/12 (0%)	6/12 (50%)
Glasgow coma scale	1974	3	0/13 (0%)	10/13 (76.9%)
SOFA	2001	6	0/13 (0%)	8/13 (61.5%)
Internal medicine
Wells criteria for DVT	2006	9	10/14 (71.4%)	13/14 (92.9%)
Wells criteria for PE	1998	7	10/14 (71.4%)	13/14 (92.9%)
CHA2DS2-VASc	2010	7	9/14 (64.3%)	13/14 (92.9%)
TIMI risk index	2006	3	9/14 (64.3%)	13/14 (92.9%)
TIMI risk score for UA/NSTEMI	2000	7	9/14 (64.3%)	13/14 (92.9%)
TIMI risk score for STEMI	2000	9	9/14 (64.3%)	13/14 (92.9%)
CURB-65	2003	5	8/14 (57.1%)	13/14 (92.9%)
STESS score	2008	4	8/14 (57.1%)	13/14 (92.9%)
Duke criteria for IE	1994	8	6/13 (46.2%)	12/13 (92.3%)
PESI	2006	11	7/12 (58.3%)	11/12 (91.7%)
Revised cardiac risk index for pre-operative risk	1999	6	7/12 (58.3%)	11/12 (91.7%)
SOFA	2001	6	6/12 (50%)	11/12 (91.7%)
ABCD2 score	2006	5	5/12 (41.7%)	11/12 (91.7%)
Charlson Comorbidity index	1987	1	2/12 (16.7%)	11/12 (91.7%)
PERC rule for PE	2001	7	5/11 (45.5%)	10/11 (90.9%)
sPESI	2010	8	4/11 (36.4%)	10/11 (90.9%)
MOD score	1995	7	3/11 (27.3%)	10/11 (90.9%)
MPM - 24 h	1988	15	4/10 (40%)	9/10 (90%)
MPM - admission	1988	10	3/10 (30%)	9/10 (90%)
MEDS score	2003	10	2/10 (20%)	9/10 (90%)
PIRO score	2009	8	1/10 (10%)	9/10 (90%)
SAPS II	1993	16	4/9 (44.4%)	8/9 (88.9%)
SWIFT score	2008	6	2/8 (25%)	7/8 (87.5%)
Panc 3 score	2007	3	1/8 (12.5%)	7/8 (87.5%)
APACHE II	1985	15	9/14 (64.3%)	12/14 (85.7%)
Parsonnett Score	1989	14	8/14 (57.1%)	12/14 (85.7%)
HIT Expert Probability Score	2010	11	6/14 (42.9%)	12/14 (85.7%)
Ranson's criteria	1974	11	6/14 (42.9%)	12/14 (85.7%)
TRIOS score	2001	4	3/7 (42.9%)	6/7 (85.7%)
4Ts Score	2006	5	5/14 (35.7%)	12/14 (85.7%)
Framingham coronary heart disease risk score	1998	7	5/14 (35.7%)	12/14 (85.7%)
30 d PCI readmission risk	2013	10	2/7 (28.6%)	6/7 (85.7%)
Glasgow coma scale	1974	3	9/13 (69.2%)	11/13 (84.6%)
Modified NIH Stroke Scale	2001	9	7/13 (53.9%)	11/13 (84.6%)
King's College Criteria for Acetaminophen Toxicity	1989	6	4/12 (33.3%)	10/12 (83.3%)
Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding score	2000	9	3/12 (25%)	10/12 (83.3%)
ATRIA bleeding risk score	2011	6	2/12 (16.7%)	10/12 (83.3%)
Glasgow Alcoholic hepatitis score	2005	4	5/11 (45.5%)	9/11 (81.8%)
MEWS score	2006	6	4/11 (36.4%)	9/11 (81.8%)
Hemorr2hages score	2006	11	2/11 (18.2%)	9/11 (81.8%)
Decaf score	2012	5	4/10 (40%)	8/10 (80%)
MPMII - admission	1993	14	4/10 (40%)	8/10 (80%)
MPMII - 24-48-72	1993	14	4/10 (40%)	8/10 (80%)
Malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST)	2004	3	2/10 (20%)	8/10 (80%)
ASTRAL score	2012	6	1/10 (10%)	8/10 (80%)
GRACE ACS	2006	12	1/10 (10%)	8/10 (80%)
CHADS2	2001	5	7/14 (50%)	11/14 (78.6%)
Multidimensional frailty score	2014	9	7/14 (50%)	11/14 (78.6%)
Geneva score for PE	2006	9	3/9 (33.3%)	7/9 (77.8%)
Pittsburg knee rules	1994	3	3/9 (33.3%)	7/9 (77.8%)
Mayo scoring system for assessment of ulcerative colitis activity	2005	4	1/9 (11.1%)	7/9 (77.8%)
4-yr mortality prognostic index	2006	12	1/9 (11.1%)	7/9 (77.8%)
Rockall score	2008	11	1/9 (11.1%)	7/9 (77.8%)
SHARF scoring system	2004	9	1/9 (11.1%)	7/9 (77.8%)
HAS-BLED	2010	12	5/13 (38.5%)	10/13 (76.9%)
ATRIA stroke risk score	2013	7	3/12 (25%)	9/12 (75%)
Euroscore	1999	17	1/8 (12.5%)	6/8 (75%)
Renal risk score	2011	6	1/8 (12.5%)	6/8 (75%)
ROSE risk score	1996	7	1/8 (12.5%)	6/8 (75%)
LRINEC Score for Necrotizing STI	2004	5	3/11 (27.3%)	8/11 (72.7%)
Bleeding risk score	2007	4	2/11 (18.2%)	8/11 (72.7%)
CT severity index	1990	1	1/11 (9.1%)	8/11 (72.7%)
SCORETEN scale	2000	6	7/14 (50%)	10/14 (71.4%)
REMS	2004	7	2/7 (28.6%)	5/7 (71.4%)
Mayo CABG risk of inpatient death after MI	2007	7	1/7 (14.3%)	5/7 (71.4%)
Mayo PCI risk of inpatient MACE	2007	7	1/7 (14.3%)	5/7 (71.4%)
QMMI score	2001	11	1/7 (14.3%)	5/7 (71.4%)
MELD score	2001	4	0/14 (0%)	10/14 (71.4%)
Nexus criteria for C-spine imaging	1970	5	4/10 (40%)	7/10 (70%)
Birmingham nutritional risk score	1995	7	2/10 (20%)	7/10 (70%)
Canadian CT head rule	2001	9	2/10 (20%)	7/10 (70%)
ACLS score	1981	4	1/10 (10%)	7/10 (70%)
San Francisco syncope rule	2004	5	1/10 (10%)	7/10 (70%)
Mannheim peritonitis index	1993	7	6/13 (46.2%)	9/13 (69.2%)
HADO score	2006	4	3/9 (33.3%)	6/9 (66.7%)
CARE score	2001	3	1/9 (11.1%)	6/9 (66.7%)
ICH score	2001	5	1/9 (11.1%)	6/9 (66.7%)
Adult appendicitis score	2014	8	6/14 (42.9%)	9/14 (64.3%)
IMPACT score	2008	11	6/14 (42.9%)	9/14 (64.3%)
CRUSADE score	2009	8	4/14 (28.6%)	9/14 (64.3%)
PORT/PSI score	1997	20	2/14 (14.3%)	9/14 (64.3%)
CIWA-Ar	1989	10	1/14 (7.1%)	9/14 (64.3%)
LODS score	1996	12	3/8 (37.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
OESIL risk score	2003	4	2/8 (25%)	5/8 (62.5%)
QRISK2	2010	14	2/8 (25%)	5/8 (62.5%)
Qstroke score	2013	15	2/8 (25%)	5/8 (62.5%)
RIETE score	1988	6	2/8 (25%)	5/8 (62.5%)
EGSYS score	2008	6	1/8 (12.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
EHMRG	2012	10	1/8 (12.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
FOUR score	2005	4	1/8 (12.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
Pancreatitis outcome score	2007	7	1/8 (12.5%)	5/8 (62.5%)
Prostate cancer prevention trial risk calculator	1993	6	6/13 (46.2%)	8/13 (61.5%)
Alvarado score for acute appendicitis	1986	8	5/13 (38.5%)	8/13 (61.5%)
DRAGON score	2012	6	1/10 (10%)	6/10 (60%)
Bronchiectasis severity index	2014	10	3/14 (21.4%)	8/14 (57.1%)
New Orleans head CT rule	2000	8	1/7 (14.3%)	4/7 (57.1%)
POSSUM score	1991	18	1/7 (14.3%)	4/7 (57.1%)
Child-Pugh Score	1973	5	0/14 (0%)	8/14 (57.1%)
Lung Injury score	1988	5	4/9 (44.4%)	5/9 (55.6%)
AVPU scale	2004	4	2/9 (22.2%)	5/9 (55.6%)
Gupta perioperative cardiac risk	2011	5	2/9 (22.2%)	5/9 (55.6%)
HEART score	2008	5	1/9 (11.1%)	5/9 (55.6%)
IgA nephropathy score	2006	8	5/14 (35.7%)	7/14 (50%)
ABIC score	2008	4	4/14 (28.6%)	7/14 (50%)
CAMBS score	1993	4	4/14 (28.6%)	7/14 (50%)
GAP risk assessment score	2012	4	2/8 (25%)	4/8 (50%)
BISAP score for pancreatitis mortality	2008	5	2/10 (20%)	5/10 (50%)
ONTARIO score	1995	6	1/8 (12.5%)	4/8 (50%)
JAMA kidney failure risk equation	2011	7	4/13 (30.8%)	5/13 (38.5%)