Helicobacter pylori and allergy: Update of research

Table 2 Association between Helicobacter pylori and allergy in case-control studies

Ref.	Country	Cases (n)	Controls (n)	Age (yr)	H. pylori detection	Allergy diagnosis	Main finding: OR (95%CI) in relation to H. pylori+
Pedullà et al[55]	Italy	Food allergy + atopic dermatitis (88)	Atopic dermatitis (202)	2-11.8	IgG, SAT	Physician diagnosed food allergy, IgE	Inverse association with food allergy: 0.32 (0.11-0.95)
Elitsur et al[56]	United States	Eosinophil esophagitis (62)	Esophagitis (268); idiopathic gastritis (480)	Children	Histology data	Upper endoscopy, histology data	Inverse association with eosinophil esophagitis: 0.096 (013-0.72)
Karimi et al[57]	Iran	Asthma (98)	Healthy children (98)	6-12	UBT	Physician diagnosed asthma	No association with asthma: H. pylori positivity 18% (cases) vs 23% (controls)
Reibman et al[58]	United States	Asthma (318)	Non-asthma controls (208)	Adults	IgG, CagA	Physician diagnosed asthma; IgE; spirometry	Inverse association with asthma for CagA+ cases: 0.57 (0.36-0.89)
Konturek et al[59]	Germany	Food allergy (42)	Healthy controls (20)	Adults	UBT, IgG	Physician diagnosed food allergy; SPT, IgE, N-tele-methylhistamine urinary excretion	Inverse association with food allergy: H. pylori positivity 33% (cases) vs 40%(controls)
Annagür et al[60]	Turkey	Asthma (79)	Healthy children (36)	5-15	IgM and IgG	Pulmonary function tests, SPT, total IgE	No association with asthma: 1.69 (0.62-4.67)
Jaber et al[61]	Sauda Arabia	Asthma (220)	Asymptomatic children (543)	1-10	IgG	Physician diagnosed asthma	Inverse association with asthma: 0.84 (0.56-1.25)
Jun et al[62]	Japan	Asthma (46)	Peptic ulcer patients (48) + healthy controls (48)	Adults	IgG, CagA	Physician diagnosed asthma	No association with asthma: 1.20 (0.53-2.72)
Pessi et al[63]	Finland	Asthma (245)	Matched controls (405)	Adults	IgG	Physician diagnosed asthma	Inverse association with asthma: 0.86 (0.63-1.19)
Bartuzi et al[64]	Poland	Food allergy with GI symptoms (110)	Chronic gastritis (40)	Adults	Biopsy, histology	Physician diagnosed food allergy, IgE	In atopic patients H. pylori increases intensity of gastric inflammation
Tsang et al[65]	China	Asthma (90)	Healthy controls (97)	Adults	IgG	Physician diagnosed asthma	No association with asthma: 1.55 (0.87-2.78)
Corrado et al[66]	Italy	Atopic dermatitis (30) + atopic dermatitis with GI symptoms (30)	Asthma (30)	4-12	IgG; CagA	Physician diagnosed allergy	Positive association with atopic dermatitis compared to asthma: 56% and 37% (cases) vs 10% (controls)
Matricardi et al[67]	Italy	Atopic cases (240)	Non-atopic controls (240)	17-24	IgG	Physician diagnosed allergic rhinitis and asthma; IgE	Inverse association with atopy: 0.76 (0.47-1.24)
Figura et al[9]	Italy	Food allergy (38)	Matched controls (53)	4-12	IgG, CagA	Physician diagnosed food allergy; IgE	Positive association with food allergy in CagA+ cases: 4.29
Corrado et al[8]	Norway	Food allergy (30) + asthma (30)	Inflammatory bowel disease (30)	5-14	IgG, CagA	Physician diagnosed food allergy and asthma	Positive association: 37% (cases) vs 10% controls

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; UBT: ¹³C-urea breath test; SAT: Stool antigen test; SPT: Skin prick test; GI: Gastrointestinal.