Molecular biomarkers for grass pollen immunotherapy

Table 7 Grass pollen seasons timing and temporal overlap in America[28,85-93]

Regions	Grass pollen seasons timing and temporal overlap with other types of pollen
United States of America and Canada (North America)	Temperate regions: tree pollen predominates in spring, grasses in late spring and early summer, and weeds from summer until fall, with variable overlap periods
	Ragweed (Ambrosia spp) pollen season starts in July and peaks between August and October, warming by latitude being associated with increased length of pollen season in central North America
	Mountain cedar (Juniperus ashei) pollen season, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, central Texas, lasts from December to February, not overlapping with grass pollen period
	Southern Texas, on the western Gulf Coast: airborne grass pollen concentrations have two peaks, one in May (due to cool temperate grass species) and one in September and October (due to temperate and subtropical species), long distance dispersal of grass pollen is possible also out of season
	Subtropical regions, such as Southern California, Florida: grass pollen season dispersed all year overlaps with Cupressaceae trees (December through May), Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae weeds pollen seasons (usually May through December)
Mexico, Central and South America (Latin America)	Subtropical regions in Mexico: similar to Southern California and Florida
	Mesquite (Prosopis sp) pollen in Northern Mexico and Southwestern United States
	Tropical regions: grass pollen grains airborne throughout the year, overlapping with the pollination periods of trees, such as Anacardiaceae, Cupressaceae, and weeds, such as Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae spp
	Maule region of Chile: Platanus acerifolia, Olea europaea, Cupressus spp pollen and grass pollen detected in August through November until end of January; Plantago spp, Rumex and Chenopodium spp pollen present from October to April