Methods for the extraction and RNA profiling of exosomes

Figure 2 Exosomes isolated from serum using the reagent are comparable to ultracentrifugation preparations. A, B: Analysis of the exosomes recovered from human serum using the Total exosome isolation reagent (from serum) and the ultracentrifugation protocol-by Nanosight^® LM10 instrument. The profiles are essentially very-finely segmented histograms, indicating the number of particles per mL (in millions) for each size in bins of 1 nm increment from 0 to 1000 nm; C: Western blot analysis for the presence of exosomal marker protein CD63 in blood serum derived samples. Exosomes from three separate serum preparations (isolated with either the Total exosome isolation reagent (from serum) or ultracentrifugation) were separated on a Novex 4%-20% Tris-Glycine Gel under denaturing, non-reducing conditions. Standard Western blot procedures with anti-CD63 antibodies were used to detect human blood serum derived exosomal protein markers; D: Analysis of the exosomal miRNA and mRNA levels in human blood serum by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RNA was isolated using the Total exosome RNA and Protein Isolation kit from exosomes extracted using the Total exosome isolation reagent (from serum) and the ultracentrifugation protocol. Levels of five microRNAs (let7e, miR26a, miR16, miR24 and miR451) and two mRNAs [glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and 18S] were quantified by qRT-PCR using TaqMan assays and reagents.