Pre-participation screening for the prevention of sudden cardiac death in athletes

Table 2 Cost-efficacy trials

Studies	Considerations
Cost effectiveness analysis of screening of high school athletes for risk of sudden cardiac death[48]	A more favourable cost-effectiveness ratio of ECG when compared to medical history collection and physical examination or 2D echocardiograph
Cost-effectiveness of preparticipation screening for prevention of sudden cardiac death in young athletes[49]	Screening young athletes with 12-lead ECG plus cardiovascular-focused history and physical examination may be cost-effective
Usefulness and cost effectiveness of cardiovascular screening of young adolescents[50]	The cost of this screening system was lower when compared to the United States model
An electrocardiogram should not be included in routine prepartecipation screening of young athletes[52]	Implementing PPS with ECG could be too much expansive in the United States, in consideration of the enormous number of competitive high school and college athletes
Preventing sudden death of athletes with electrocardiographic screening: What is the absolute benefit and how much will it cost?[53]	The Italian strategy of ECG screening in the United States would result in enormous costs per life saved

ECG: Electrocardiogram; PPS: Pre-participation.