Machine learning-based models for prediction of in-hospital mortality in patients with dengue shock syndrome

Table 2 Multivariable models for in-hospital mortality of patients with dengue shock syndrome upon pediatric intensive care unit admission

Candidate predictors	Full model1		Reduced model 12		Reduced model 23
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (years)	0.85 (0.71-1.02)	0.09	0.93 (0.8-1.08)	0.32	0.94 (0.81-1.09)	0.39
Underlying diseases	5.14 (1.22-21.7)	0.03			4.1 (1.02-16.3)	0.04
Systolic shock index (mmHg/bpm)	0.46 (0.08-2.48)	0.36
Severe bleeding	4.28 (1.37-13.4)	0.01	3.38 (1.19-9.57)	0.02	3.38 (1.2-9.58)	0.02
Severe transaminitis	1.16 (0.4-3.38)	0.78
International normalized ratio	1.56 (1.12-2.17)	< 0.01	1.45 (1.05-1.99)	0.02	1.47 (1.07-2.01)	0.01
Peak hematocrit (%)	1.08 (1.0-1.16)	0.05
Platelet counts (< 20 × 10 9/L)	0.95 (0.32-2.85)	0.92
Platelet transfusion	4.48 (1.11-18.1)	0.03	4.1 (1.07-15.7)	0.03	4.89 (1.27-18.9)	0.02
Blood lactate (mmol/L)	1.2 (1.02-1.41)	0.03	1.2 (1.04-1.39)	0.01	1.19 (1.03-1.37)	0.02
Serum creatinine (µmol/L)	1.02 (1.0-1.03)	0.01	1.01 (1-1.03)	0.09	1.01 (1.0-1.03)	0.06
Log-2 Cumulative fluid infused from referral hospitals and within 24 h-PICU admission (mL/kg)4	2.76 (1.25-6.1)	0.01	3.69 (1.95-7.0)	< 0.001	3.61 (1.88-6.91)	< 0.001
Colloid to crystalloid fluid infusion ratio	1.07 (0.98-1.17)	0.15
Vasoactive inotropic score (> 30)	9.58 (2.36-39)	< 0.01	4.78 (1.49-15.4)	< 0.01	4.59 (1.42-14.8)	0.01

¹Full model based on predefined covariates with multiple imputation data analysis.

²Reduced model 1 based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator method.

³Reduced model 2 based on stepwise selection with the lowest value of Akaike information criterion.

⁴Standardization of covariates by Log-2 transformation.

DSS: Dengue shock syndrome; OR: Odds ratio; PICU: Pediatric intensive care unit.