Association between tobacco exposure and bladder cancer recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Area	Sort	Period	Mean follow-up time (months)	Sample size	Disease stage	NOS score	Cur:For:Non
Michalek et al[14], 1985	United States	Retrospective	1963-1975	N/A	354	NMIBC	7	132:128:94
Grotenhuis et al[16], 2015	Netherlands	Forward-looking	2007-2012	12	963	NMIBC	8	292:490:181
Wyszynski et al[25], 2014	Lebanon	Forward-looking	1994-2002	37	857	NMIBC	8	214:379:123
Chen et al[19], 2007	Taiwan	Retrospective	1997-2005	N/A	206	NMIBC	6	78:64:64
Leibovici et al[20], 2005	United States	Forward-looking	1995-2003	15	519	NMIBC	7	185:239:95
Yuruk et al[26], 2017	Turkey	Forward-looking	2013-2014	32	187	NMIBC	9	114:35:38
van Osch et al[24], 2018	United Kingdom	Forward-looking	2005-2011	51	722	NMIBC	8	336:283:103
Ogihara et al[12], 2015	Japan	Retrospective	1995-2012	N/A	634	NMIBC	8	181:154:299
Rava et al[21], 2018	Spain	Forward-looking	1998-2001	N/A	936	MIBC	7	401:369:166
Hagiwara et al[11], 2013	Japan	Retrospective	1994-2010	N/A	245	NMIBC	7	72:52:121
Serretta et al[22], 2013	Italy	Retrospective	2002-2003	48	395	NMIBC	7	127:171:97
Serretta et al[23], 2020	Italy	Forward-looking	2008-2012	N/A	194	NMIBC	7	67:127

NMIBC: Non-muscle- invasive bladder cancer; MIBC: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer; NOS score: Newcastle-Ottawa scale.