Biliary fistula and late recurrence of liver hydatid cyst: Role of cysto-biliary communication: A prospective multicenter study

Table 5 Relation between the independent factors and recurrence of hydatid cyst by univariate analysis (n = 244)

Factors	Recurrence (n = 30)		No recurrence (n = 214)		P value	Univariate OR (95%CI)
	n	%	n	%
Sex
Male (n = 163)	18	0.11	145	0.89	0.3981	Reference
Female (n = 81)	12	0.148	69	0.852		1.40 (0.62-3.07)
ASA
I (n = 176)	21	0.119	155	0.881	0.7921	1.29 (0.28-5.924)
II (n = 47)	7	0.149	40	0.851		1.66 (0.31-8.78)
III (n = 21)	2	0.095	19	0.905		Reference
Family history
+ve (n = 15)	15	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	214 (26.45-1731.7)
-ve (n = 229)	15	0.066	214	0.934		Reference
Cyst size (cm)
≤ 9 cm (n = 130)	7	0.054	123	0.946	< 0.0011, b	Reference
> 9 cm (n = 114)	23	0.202	91	0.798		4.44 (1.83-10.80)
Cyst site
Right lobe (n = 184)	23	0.125	161	0.875	0.8641	1.08 (0.44-2.66)
Left lobe (n = 60)	7	0.117	53	0.883		Reference
Cyst stage
CE2 (n = 61)	27	0.443	34	0.557	< 0.0011, b	47.7 (13.7-165.95)
CE3b (n = 183)	3	0.016	180	0.984		Reference
Operative time (min)
≤ 106 min (n = 126)	16	0.127	110	0.873	0.8431	1.08 (0.50-2.324)
> 106 min (n = 118)	14	0.119	104	0.881		Reference
Blood transfusion
Yes (n = 6)	5	0.833	1	0.167	< 0.0012, b	42.6 (4.78-397.4)
No (n = 238)	25	0.105	213	0.895		Reference
Cystic fluid spillage
Yes (n = 12)	12	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	142 (17.5-1160.4)
No (n = 232)	18	0.078	214	0.922		Reference
Conversion
Yes (n = 7)	6	0.857	1	0.143	< 0.0012, b	53.3 (6.15-461.2)
No (n = 237)	24	0.101	213	0.899		Reference
Anaphylaxis
Yes (n = 2)	2	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	15.3 (1.34-174.1)
No (n = 244)	28	0.116	214	0.884		Reference
Cyst fluid biochemical indices
High bilirubin-alkaline phosphatase (n = 15)	15	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	214 (26.45-1731.7)
Not high (n = 229)	15	0.066	214	0.934		Reference
Hospital stay (days)
≤ 3 d (n = 184)	10	0.054	174	0.946	< 0.0011, b	Reference
> 3 d (n = 60)	20	0.333	40	0.667		8.7 (3.78-20.02)
ICU admission
Yes (n = 9)	8	0.889	1	0.111	< 0.0012, b	77.5 (9.25-648.4)
No (n = 235)	22	0.094	213	0.906		Reference
Early postoperative complications
Yes (n = 28)	22	0.786	6	0.214	< 0.0012, b	95.33 (30.3-299.9)
No (n = 216)	8	0.037	208	0.963		Reference
Biliary complications
Yes (n = 16)	16	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	244.6 (30.21-1981)
No (n = 228)	14	0.061	214	0.939		Reference
Port/incisional site hernia
Yes (n = 7)	7	1	0	0	< 0.0012, b	65.13 (7.67-553.1)
No (n = 237)	23	0.097	214	0.903		Reference

¹Chi square test (χ²).

²Fisher’s exact test.

^aP ≤ 0.05: Statistically significant.

^bP ≤ 0.001: Highly statistically significant.

OR: Odds Ratio; ICU: Intensive care unit; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CE: Cystic echinococcosis; + ve: Positive family history; - ve: Negative family history.