Biliary fistula and late recurrence of liver hydatid cyst: Role of cysto-biliary communication: A prospective multicenter study

doi:10.5662/wjm.v13.i4.272

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World Journal of Methodology

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2023; 13(4): 272-286
Published online Sep 20, 2023. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v13.i4.272

Table 4 Relation between the independent factors and development of biliary complications among the studied patients by univariate analysis (n = 244)

Factors	Biliary complications (n = 16)		No biliary complications (n = 228)		P value	Univariate OR (95%CI)
Factors	n	%	n	%	P value	Univariate OR (95%CI)
Sex
Male (n = 163)	9	5.5	154	94.5	0.354¹	Reference
female (n = 81)	7	8.6	74	91.4		1.62 (0.58-4.52)
ASA
I (n = 176)	9	5.1	167	94.9	0.160¹	1.08 (0.12-8.96)
II (n = 47)	6	12.8	41	87.2		2.93 (0.33-25.98)
III (n = 21)	1	4.8	20	95.2		Reference
Family history
+ ve (n = 15)	8	53.3	7	46.7	< 0.001²^,^b	31.6 (9.18-108.6)
- ve (n = 229)	8	3.5	221	96.5		Reference
Cyst size (cm)
≤ 9 cm (n = 130)	3	2.3	127	97.9	0.004¹^,^a	Reference
> 9 cm (n = 114)	13	11.4	101	88.6		5.45 (1.51-19.64)
Cyst site
Right lobe (n = 184)	13	7.1	171	92.9	0.575²	1.44 (0.39-5.25)
Left lobe (n = 60)	3	5	57	95		Reference
Cyst stage
CE2 (n = 61)	15	24.6	46	75.4	< 0.001²^,^b	59.3 (7.64-460.9)
CE3b (n = 183)	1	0.5	182	99.5		Reference
Operative time (min)
≤ 106 min (n = 126)	9	7.1	117	92.9	0.703¹	1.22 (0.44-3.39)
> 106 min (n = 118)	7	5.9	111	94.1		Reference
Blood transfusion
Yes (n = 6)	4	66.7	2	33.3	< 0.001²^,^b	37.7 (2.26-226.5)
No (n = 238)	12	5	226	95		Reference
Cystic fluid spillage
Yes (n = 12)	2	16.7	10	83.3	0.147²	3.11 (0.62-15.60)
No (n = 232)	14	6	218	94		Reference
Conversion
Yes (n = 7)	5	71.4	2	28.6	< 0.001²^,^b	51.4 (8.94-294.9)
No (n = 237)	11	4.6	226	95.4		Reference
Anaphylaxis
Yes (n = 2)	0	0	2	100	0.707¹	Reference
No (n = 244)	16	6.6	226	93.4		0.14 (0.01-1.65)
Cyst fluid biochemical indices
High bilirubin-alkaline phosphatase (n = 15)	15	100	0	0.0	< 0.001²^,^b	3405 (202-57164)
Not high (n = 229)	1	0.4	228	99.6		Reference
Hospital stay (days)
≤ 3 d (n = 184)	0	0.0	184	100	< 0.001²^,^b	Reference
> 3 d (n = 60)	16	26.7	44	73.3		67 (8.64-518.15)
ICU admission
Yes (n = 9)	5	55.6	4	44.4	< 0.001²^,^b	25.5 (5.99-108.24)
No (n = 235)	11	4.7	224	95.3		Reference
Early postoperative complications
Yes (n = 28)	13	46.4	15	53.6	< 0.001²^,^b	61.5 (15.8-239.8)
No (n = 216)	3	1.4	213	98.6		Reference

¹Chi square test (χ²).

²Fisher’s exact test.

^aP ≤ 0.05: Statistically significant.

^bP ≤ 0.001: Highly statistically significant.

OR: Odds Ratio; ICU: Intensive care unit, ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CE: Cystic echinococcosis; + ve: Positive family history; - ve: Negative family history.

Citation: Habeeb TAAM, Podda M, Tadic B, Shelat VG, Tokat Y, Abo Alsaad MI, Kalmoush AE, Nassar MS, Mustafa FM, Morsi Badawy MH, Sobhy Shaaban M, Mohamed TZ, El Sayed Henish MI, Elbelkasi H, Abdou Yassin M, Mostafa A, Ibrahim A, A-Abdelhady W, Elshahidy TM, Mansour MI, Moursi AM, Abdallah Zaitoun M, Abd-Allah ES, Abdelmonem Elsayed A, S Elsayed R, M Yehia A, Abdelghani A, Negm M, Abo-Alella HA, Elaidy MM. Biliary fistula and late recurrence of liver hydatid cyst: Role of cysto-biliary communication: A prospective multicenter study. World J Methodol 2023; 13(4): 272-286
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v13/i4/272.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v13.i4.272