Characterization and risk factors for unexplained female infertility in Sudan: A case-control study

Table 4 Binary logistic regression analysis of the factors associated with unexplained female infertility in the study participants

Predictors	COR, 95%CI	AOR, 95%CI
Residence
Urban	Reference	Reference
Rural	2.195 (0.225-1.347)a	1.996 (-0.165-1.548)
Marital status
Married	Reference	Reference
Divorced	0.126 (-3.576-0.571)a	0.073 (-4.431-0.803)a
Widow	0.419 (-0.922-0.386)a
Previous miscarriage or abortion
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	0.4 (-1.635 - 0.198)a	0.426 (-1.874-0.165)
Family history of infertility
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	5.796 (1.1 - 2.415)a	3.257 (0.175-2.186)a
Family history of Unexplained infertility
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	9.987 (1.095- 3.507)a	3.580 (-0.594-3.145)
Use of modern contraceptives/yr
Never	Reference	Reference
0-3 yr	0.188 (-2.147-1.191)a
4-6 yr	0.052 (-4.446-1.477)a	0.475 (-0.987-0.502)a
More than 6 yr	0.085 (-0.484-0.823)
Smoking
Not at all	Reference	Reference
< 1 yr	1.751 (-0.077-2.434)a
1-2 yr	2.983 (-0.251-2.437)a	1.276 (0.010-0.476)a
2-3 yr	4.102 (0.117-2.706)a
> 4	3.356 (0.176-2.245)a
Caffeine consumption (cup/d)
No consume	Reference	Reference
Low consume	0.254 (-2.521-0.219)a
Moderate consume	0.648 (-1.586-0.718)a	0.407 (0.168-0.514)a
High consume	0.426 (-0.802-1.512)a
Physical activity level (PAL)
Sedentary	Reference	Reference
Moderately active	0.237 (-1.394- 0.464)a	0.423 (-1.240-0.481)a
Very active	0.292 (-2.291- 1.145)a
Meals consumed per d
2	Reference	Reference
3	4.172 (0.876-1.981)a
4	5.293 (1.006-2.326)a	1.606 (0.169-0.778)a
5	5.286 (0.899-2.432)a
6	2.917 (-0.253-2.394)
Dairy
No consume	Reference	Reference
Low consume	1.551 (-0.118-0.997)a
Moderate consume	0.974 (-0.649-0.596)a	0.777 (-0.540-0.036)
High consume	0.674 (-1.015-0.226)a
Dark green leafy vegetables
No consume	Reference	Reference
Low consume	1.014 (-0.780-0.807)a
Moderate consume	0.789 (-1.067-0.593)a	0.730 (-0.651-0.021)
High consume	0.346 (-1.948-0.176)a
Other vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables
No consume	Reference	Reference
Low consume	0.673 (-1.078-0.287)a
Moderate consume	0.469 (-1.467-0.047)a	0.540 (-0.948-0.283)a
High consume	0.131 (-2.837-1.232)a
Other vegetables
No consume	Reference	Reference
Low consume	0.177 (-2.543-0.920)a
Moderate consume	0.169 (-2.614-0.940)a	0.466 (-1.087-0.441)a
High consume	0.064 (-3.623-1.866)a

^aIndicates a statistically significant effect at P < 0.05. Identification of female unexplained infertility predictors among clinical characteristics was done using a univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis test. AOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; COR: Crude odds ratio; n: Sample size.