Sphingolipid metabolism affects the anticancer effect of cisplatin

Figure 1 Sphingolipid metabolism pathways. Cer is the central in sphingolipid pathway, it is generated via multiple pathways, including the synthesis by de novo, the degradation of SM or the recycling of Sph; it is further metabolized and then produces many metabolites. Unidirectional arrows mean the generation of lipid molecules from one direction and bidirectional arrows mean mutual transformation between the two lipid molecules. SPT: Serine palmitoyl transferase; CerS: Ceramide synthase; DES: Dihydroceramide desaturase; C1PP: Ceramide-1-phosphate phosphatase; CK: Ceramide kinase; SMase: Sphingomyelinase; SMS: Sphingomyelin synthase; CDase: Ceramidase; SK: Sphingosine kinase; S1P: Sphingosine-1-phosphate; S1PP: S1P phosphatase; GALT: Galactosyltransferase; GALC: Galactosylceramidase; GCS: Glucosyl ceramide synthase; CRS: Cerebrosidase; Sph: Sphingosine.