Epigenetics and DNA methylation in cancer

Table 3 Genes that are epigenetically regulated in cancer

Cancer-associated pathway	Gene
Cell cycle	Rb, p16INK4a, p16INK4b, 14-3-3, cyclin E, p14ARF
Signal transduction	ErbB2, RASSF1, LKB1/STK11, APC
Apoptosis	DAPK gene, Caspase-8 gene
DNA repair	MGMT, MHL1, BRCA1, FNACF
Carcinogen metabolism	GSTP1 gene
Hormonal response	Oestrogen receptor gene, progesterone receptor gene, RAR-b2 gene
Senescence	TERT, TERG
Invasion/metastasis	TIMP-3 gene, E cadherin gene, VHL gene
Transcription	Runx3, Twist, Er α, Er β, PR, RAR, vitamin D receptor
Drug responsiveness	Glutatione S-transferase, thymidylate synthase

Adapted by Choi et al[1], 2013.