Renal transplant recipient seizure practical management

Table 1 Causes of seizures in renal transplant

Encephalopathy

Uraemic encephalopathy

Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome

Aluminium encephalopathy

Reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome

Metabolic derangement

Hyponatremia

Hypocalcemia

Hypomagnesemia

Immunosuppression neurotoxicity

Tacrolimus (FK-506)

Cyclosporin

High dose corticosteroids

CNS infections

Meningitis

Encephalitis

Abscess

Drug toxicity

Quinolone antibiotics (e.g., Ciprofloxacin)

Beta Lactams (e.g., Penicillin, Mezlocillin, Cephalosporins)

Antidepressants

Bupropion HCL

Cerebrovascular disease

Subdural haematoma

Cerebral infarct

Intracerebral haemorrhage

Co-existing epilepsy

Primary CNS lymphoma

Action myoclonus – renal failure syndrome