Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Nephrol. Jan 6, 2018; 7(1): 1-28
Published online Jan 6, 2018. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v7.i1.1
Table 1 Anthropometric formulas estimating body water
Adults, normal body water values
Hume and Weyers formulae[63]
Women: TBW = -35.270121 + 0.344547H + 0.183809W
Men: TBW = -14.012934 + 0.194786H + 0.296785W
Watson et al[64] formulae
….Women: TBW = -2.097 +0.1069H + 0.2466W
Men: TBW = 2.447 - 0.09516A + 0.1074H + 0.3362W
Chumlea et al[65] formulae
Women, African American: TBW = -16.71 - 0.05A + 0.24H + 0.22W
Women, Caucasian: TBW = -10.50 - 0.01A + 0.18H + 0.20W
Men, African American: TBW = -18.37 - 0.09A + 0.25H + 0.34W
Men, Caucasian: TBW = 23.04 - 0.03A + 0.50W - 0.62BMI
Children, normal body water values
Mellits, Cheek formulae[66]
Girls, H ≤ 110.8 cm: TBW = 0.076 + 0.013H + 0.507W
Girls, H > 110.8 cm: TBW = -10.313 + 0.154H + 0.252W
Boys, H ≤ 132.7 cm: TBW = -1.927 + 0.045H + 0.465W
Boys, H > 132.7 cm: TBW = -21.993 + 0.209H + 0.465W
Adults, pre-hemodialysis
Chertow et al[71] formula
TBW = 0.07493713A - 1.01767992G + 0.57894981D + 0.12703384H - 0.04012056W - 0.00067247W2 - 0.03486146 (A × G) + 0.11262857 (G × W) + 0.00104135 (A × W) + 0.00186104 (H × W)
Adults, peritoneal dialysis
Johansson et al[72] formulae
Women: TBW = -29.994 - 0.004A + 0.294H + 0.214W
Men: TBW = -10.759 - 0.078A + 0.192H + 0.312W
…. All patients: TBW = -42.879 - 0.033A + 0.372H + 0.274W
Note that the Watson formula for men has an age term while the Watson formula for women has no age term. Age effects on body water are more pronounced in men than in women. This is clearly indicated by the coefficients for age in the Chumlea and Johansson formulas. TBW: Total body water (L); H: Height (cm); A: Age (yr); BMI: Body mass index (kg/m2); G: Gender (male = 1, female = 0); D: Diabetes (present = 1, absent = 0).