Contrast-induced acute kidney injury: A review of practical points

Table 7 Strategies to reduce the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury

Assess the risk of CI-AKI

Assess the need of contrast-enhancement, avoid unnecessary contrast administration

Avoid concomitant use of other nephrotoxic drugs

Hydrate the patient with isotonic saline and/or sodium bicarbonate before and after the procedure

N-acetyl-cysteine 1200 mg orally twice daily

Prefer iso-osmolal or hypo-osmolal CM

Use minimum amount of CM

Check renal functions within 1 wk of the procedure

CI-AKI: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury; CM: Contrast media.