Any link of gout disease control among hypertensive patients and onset of end-stage renal disease? Results from a population-based study

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of new users of allopurinol treatment in a cohort of treated for hypertension from 1999 to 2007

All patients (n)	2752
Mean (SD) age, yr1	67 (9)
Risk factors for gout, % (n)
Advanced age (> 75 yr)1	23.0 (634)
Male1	82.8 (2278)
Obesity2	6.5 (179)
Drug use, % (n)
Thiazides3	21.1 (581)
Low dose acetylsalicylic acid3	34.3 (945)
Niacin3	0.4 (11)
Alcoholic diagnosis3	1.3 (35)
Thyroid problems3	12.9 (356)
Associated comorbidities, % (n)
Ischemic heart disease2	30.9 (849)
Heart failure2	10.5 (288)
Cardiac dysrhythmias2	12.5 (343)
Atrial fibrillation and flutter2	8.1 (224)
Peripheral vascular disease2	11.7 (321)
Cerebrovascular disease2	12.0 (330)
Dyslipidemia2	33.5 (921)
Diabetes2	20.7 (569)
Chronic kidney disease at grade 1 to 34	12.7 (350)
Acute renal failure2	4.3 (117)
Pulmonary disease (COPD/asthma)2	30.8 (847)
Dementia2	2.7 (73)
Rheumatic disease2	6.3 (174)
Gastrointestinal disease2	7.9 (218)
Drug use for gout treatment, % (n)
NSAIDs3	42.8 (1178)
Colchicine3	29.3 (806)
Intra-articular corticosteroids3	5.9 (163)
Oral corticosteroids3	2.4 (65)
Narcotics3	12.8 (353)

¹At treatment initiation;

²ICD-9 or ICD-10 identified in the 5 years preceding cohort entry;

³Pharmacologic treatment identified in the 2 years preceding cohort entry;

⁴Chronic kidney disease at grade 1 to 3 defined as having ICD-9 or ICD-10 with the absence of medication for phosphate binding or for hyperparathyroidism control. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.