Experimental models of renal calcium stones in rodents

Table 2 Rodent models of nephrolithiasis

Ref.	Species	Crystals main compound	Crystals location	Animal model	Read out	Urinary phenotype	Renal injury
Bushinsky et al[25], 2006	Rats	CaP2 CaOx1	Renal cavity (fornices) Papilla	Hypercalciuric rats (Genetic selection) under supplements 3calcium 1.2% 4calcium 1.2% + HyP 5%	18 wk after birth	Hypercalciuria Hyperoxaluria	None
Unpublished personal data	Mice	CaOx	Renal cavity (fornices)	Water supplement: HyP 4% + vitamin D (1000 UI) + ammonium chloride (0.28 mol/L) + calcium (0.25%)	15 d	Hypercalciuria Hyperoxaluria Hypocitraturia	None

¹Indicatethe CaP or Paox nature of crystal obtained either with

³calcium 1.2% or

⁴calcium 1.2% + HyP 5% as indicated column 5 above;

²Have been erased. CaP: Calcium phosphate; CaOx: Calcium oxalate; HyP: Hydroxyproline.