Adult stem cells as a tool for kidney regeneration

Table 2 Effects of Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on renal tissue repair

Origin of stem cells	Experimental model	Effects	Ref.
Mouse	Glycerol-induced AKI	Differentiation into tubular epithelial cells	Herrera et al[22]
Mouse	Cisplatin-induced AKI	Differentiation into tubular epithelial cells	Morigi et al[23]
Human	Glomerulonephropathy induced by anti-mesangial cell serum	Differentiation into mesangial cells	Wong et al[30]
Rat	I/R injury	Recovery of renal function	Lange et al[24]
		No transdifferentiation into tubules
Human	Cisplatin-induced AKI	Recovery of renal function	Morigi et al[25]
		Improved survival
		No transdifferentiation into tubules
Rat	Gentamicin-induced AKI	Recovery of renal function	Reis et al[26]
		Conditioned medium and exosomes were effective
Rat	Adriamycin-induced nephropathy	Reduced podocyte injury	Zoja et al[27]
		Increased VEGF production
Rat	Thy1.1 GN	Reduced mesangiolysis	Kunter et al[28]
		Increased glomerular cell proliferation
		Reduced proteinuria
		Production of VEGF and TGF-β
Mouse	CKD (Deficiency in collagen type IV, α-3 chain)	Reduced fibrosis	Ninichuk et al[29]
		Production of VEGF and BMP-7
Rat	5/6 nephrectomy	Improved renal function	Semedo et al[31]
		Reduced fibrosis
		Reduced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α
Rat	Kidney allograft	Improved renal function	Franquesa et al[32]
		Reduced fibrosis
		Reduced expression of IL-6

AKI: Acute kidney injury; I/R: Ischemia reperfusion; GN: Glomerulonephritis; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-β; BMP-7: Bone morphogenetic protein-7; IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α.