Are phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors effective for the management of lower urinary symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Table 3 Outcomes of the meta-analysis of total international prostate symptom score, international prostate symptom score storage subscore, international prostate symptom score voiding subscore, international prostate symptom score quality of life subscore, benign prostatic hyperplasia impact index, maximum urinary flow rate, and international index of erectile function score in lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia or lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia and erectile dysfunction patients

Outcome or	Studies	Participants	Weight	Statistical	Effect Estimate	Heterogeneity		Overall	P value
subgroup				method	(Mean difference, 95%CI)	χ2	I2(%)	Z value
Total IPSS in LUTS/BPH	13	9131	100%	Fixed	-2.17 (-2.42, -1.91)	16.44	0	16.75	< 0.00001
Tadalafil	11	8576	95.5%	Fixed	-2.14 (-2.40, -1.88)	13.27	0	16.18	< 0.00001
Sildenafil	1	341	1.0%	Fixed	-4.40 (-6.87, -1.93)			3.48	0.001
Vardenafil	1	214	3.4%	Fixed	-2.20 (-3.57, -0.83)			3.14	0.002
Total IPSS in LUTS/BPH and ED	6	3626	100%	Fixed	-1.97 (-2.43, -1.51)	12.33	3	8.41	< 0.00001
Tadalafil	5	3285	96.6%	Fixed	-1.88 (-2.35, -1.41)	8.49	0	7.90	< 0.00001
Sildenafil	1	341	3.4%	Fixed	-4.40 (-6.87, -1.93)			3.48	0.001
IPSS storage subscore in LUTS/BPH
Tadalafil	10	6848	100%	Fixed	-0.71 (-0.85, -0.57)	12.64	0	9.96	< 0.00001
IPSS voiding subscore in LUTS/BPH
Tadalafil	11	7916	100%	Fixed	-1.23 (-1.41, -1.04)	24.7	15	13.28	< 0.00001
IPSS QoL subscore in LUTS/BPH	8	5999	100%	Fixed	-0.33 (-0.40, -0.26)	8.26	0	8.70	< 0.00001
Tadalafil	7	5648	97.7%	Fixed	-0.32 (-0.40, -0.25)	6.26	0	8.38	< 0.00001
Sildenafil	1	351	2.3%	Fixed	-0.68 (-1.17, -0.19)			2.71	0.007
BII in LUTS/BPH
Tadalafil	5	3504	100%	Fixed	-0.43 (-0.61, -0.25)	3.89	0	4.64	< 0.00001
BII in LUTS/BPH and ED	4	2561	100%	Fixed	-0.52 (-0.74, -0.29)	8.02	13	4.51	< 0.00001
Tadalafil	3	2210	94.8%	Fixed	-0.48 (-0.71, -0.25)	6.59	9	4.11	< 0.0001
Sildenafil	1	351	5.2%	Fixed	-1.10 (-2.08, -0.12)			2.19	0.03
Qmax in LUTS/BPH
Tadalafil (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg)	9	5034	64.9%	Fixed	0.22 (-0.04, 0.49)	13.43	3	1.65	0.10
Tadalafil (only 5 mg)	7	2876	35.1%	Fixed	0.33 (-0.13, 0.80)	8.24	24	2.14	0.03
IIEF in LUTS/BPH
Tadalafil	2	2009	100%	Fixed	4.88 (3.31, 8.97)	2.28	0	8.96	< 0.00001
IIEF in LUTS/BPH and ED
Tadalafil	3	1746	100%	Fixed	4.54 (3.75, 5.33)	7.33	18	11.27	< 0.00001

IIEF: International index of erectile function; IPSS: International prostate symptom score; LUTS/BPH: Lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia; Qmax: Maximum urinary flow rate; QoL: Quality of life; BII: Benign prostatic hyperplasia impact index; ED: Erectile dysfunction.