Copyright
©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Nephrol. Nov 6, 2014; 3(4): 210-219
Published online Nov 6, 2014. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v3.i4.210
Published online Nov 6, 2014. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v3.i4.210
Mechanism | Ref. |
Oxidative stress | [34,40] |
Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (leptin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α) | [36] |
Increased connective tissue growth and/or fibrosis factors (connective tissue growth factor, transforming growth factor β, type IV collagen) | [35,37-39] |
Increased glomerular volume and podocyte hypertrophy | [44] |
Triglyceride- and free-fatty acid induced injury | 45 |
Increased ischemia and microvascular injury (angiotensin II) | [46,47] |
Hyperuricemia | [48,49] |
- Citation: Prasad GVR. Metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease: Current status and future directions. World J Nephrol 2014; 3(4): 210-219
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v3/i4/210.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v3.i4.210