Vitamin E and diabetic nephropathy in mice model and humans

Figure 7 Creatinine clearance and albuminuria are increased in haptoglobin 2-2 diabetes mellitus mice. Creatinine clearance time (CCT). Values are reported as mean ± SE in mL/min of a minimum of 5 animals from each group. There was a significant increase in CCT in haptoglobin (Hp) 2-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mice compared with Hp 1-1 DM mice (P < 0.05) and Hp 2-2 non-DM mice (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in CCT in Hp 2-2 DM mice treated with vitamin (Vit)-E (P < 0.05). We found a marked increase in albuminuria in both Hp 1-1 DM and Hp 2-2 DM mice compared with their non-DM littermates and a nonsignificant 2- to 3-fold increase in albuminuria in Hp 2-2 DM mice compared with Hp 1-1 DM mice (95.3 ± 38.0 vs 37.9 ± 11.9, P < 0.16).