Detection of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes by cystatin C-based equations

Table 7 Related factors that affect the estimated glomerular filtration rate decline in elderly diabetic patients

Characteristics (n, %)		eGFR decline			P value	Characteristics (n, %)					eGFR decline				P value
		Yes (n = 14)	No (n = 33)								Yes (n = 14)		No (n = 33)
Gender	Male	4 (26.7)	11 (73.3)		0.7	BMI			Normal		6 (28.6)		15 (71.4)		0.2
	Female	10 (31.2)	22 (68.8)						Overweight, obese		8 (30.8)		18 (69.2)
Hypertension	Yes	6 (35.3)	11 (64.7)		0.53	Uric acid			Increased		1 (10.0)		9 (90.0)		0.15
	No	8 (26.7)	22 (73.3)						Normal		13 (35.1)		24 (64.9)
ACR	Increased	5 (35.7)	9 (27.3)		0.6	Triglycerides			Increased		9 (31.0)		20 (69.0)		0.24
	Normal	9 (64.3)	24 (72.7)						Normal		5 (27.8)		13 (72.2)
HDL-C	Decreased	9 (39.1)	14 (60.9)		0.18	LDL-C			Increased		11 (26.8)		30 (73.2)		0.26
	Normal	5 (20.8)	19 (79.2)						Normal		3 (50.0)		3 (50.0)
The relationship of declined eGFR and the correlation of eGFR with glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, and exercise (n = 47)
Characteristics				Declined eGFR								eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
				OR			95%CI			Pa value		r		Pb value
Glucose (mmol/L)				1.6			1.1-2.5			0.04		-0.46		0.001
HbA1c (%)				1.7			1.1-2.6			0.013		-0.47		0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)				0.24			0.06-0.9			0.029		0.341		0.019
Exercise (regular, irregular)				0.16			0.03-0.81			0.017		N/A		N/A
Multivariate logistic regression between glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, exercise and declined eGFR (n = 47)
Characteristics				Declined eGFR
				β			OR			95%CI		Pc value
Glucose (mmol/L)				-0.203			0.816			0.550-1.212		0.315
HbA1c (%)				-0.456			0.634			0.330-1.217		0.171
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)				1.141			3.130			1.000-9.793		0.05
Exercise (regular, irregular)				2.844			17.178			1.409-209.369		0.026
Multiple linear regression between glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol and eGFR values (n = 47)
Characteristics				eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
				β			r			r2		Pd value
Glucose (mmol/L)				-2.248			-0.366			0.13		0.026
HbA1c (%)				-1.591			-0.162			0.02		0.332
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)				4.503			1.949			3.79		0.058

^aChi-square test.

^bPearson’s correlation coefficient.

^cMultivariate logistic regression.

^dMultiple linear regression.

r²: Square of the correlation coefficient.

eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR: Albumin/creatinine ratio; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: Body mass index; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.