Exploring kidney biopsy findings in congenital heart diseases: Insights beyond cyanotic nephropathy

Table 3 Cases

Gender	Age	Type of heart disease	Diagnosis	Glomeruli	Creatinine (mg/dL)	Proteinuria (g/g/24 h)	Renal measurements (cm)	Complications
Male	17	Dextromorphism with common atrium, absence of right ventricular atrial septal defect	FSGS NOS	14	2.89	1.70	8.0 × 3.6	None
Female	23	Acianogen VSD	FSGS NOS	19	1.75	14.69	9.8 × 3.4	None
Male	47	Dextrocardia concordant atrioventricular and ventricular-arterial connection	FSGS NOS	6	1.88	1.91	9.7 × 4.6	None
Female	57	ASD	IgA nephropathy	18	1.41	3.23	8.7 × 4.2	None
Male	38	Persistent ductus arteriosus + Eisenmenger Syndrome	FSGS NOS	25	1.02	4.09	10.1 × 5.3	Haematuria
Male	33	Pulmonary atresia	FSGS NOS	6	8.25	10.89	9.4 × 4.3	Perirenal hematoma
Female	20	Infundibular VSD	GMN proliferative membrane immune complexes	11	1.98	8.25	9.9 × 4.3	None
Male	69	Ebstein Anomaly	FSGS Perihiliar	13	4.27	1.58	9.3 × 4.3	None
Male	19	Tetralogy of fallot	FSGS NOS	6	3.24	5.18	8.4 × 4.2	Perirenal hematoma
Male	41	Tetralogy of fallot	FSGS NOS	8	1.93	3.70	8.96 × 4.24	None

FSGS: Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis; NOS: Nonspecific variety; VSD: Ventricular septal defect; ASD: Atrial septal defect.