Vitamin E-derived copolymers continue the challenge to hemodialysis biomaterials

Figure 3 Coupled redox reaction of vitamin E and vitamin C (co-antioxidants) during the reduction (scavenging) of peroxyl radicals (A) and proposed scheme of the mechanisms that may lead vitamin E copolymers to control the flux of reactive oxygen species in the extracorporeal circulation (B). ROS: Reactive oxygen species; Vit C: Ascorbic acid; Vit C^-: Ascorbate anion; Vit C^-*: Ascorbyl radical anion; DHA: Dehydroascorbate; O₂: Molecular oxygen; O₂^-*: Superoxide anion; e^-/H⁺: Electron/proton; T-OH: Tocopherol; T-O*: Tocopheryl radical; ROOH: Peroxyde (reduced form); ROO*: Peroxyl radical.