Update on hepatitis B and C virus diagnosis

Table 5 Main Characteristics of serological assays for hepatitis C virus diagnosis

Serological assays		Antigen (region of the genome)	Assay/manufacturer	Sensitivity	Specificity	Ref.
EIA	1st generation EIA	c100-3 (NS3-NS4)	HCV-Ac-EIE Salck	70%-80%	50%-70%	[118,119]
	2nd generation EIA	c100-3 (NS3-NS4), c33-c (NS3), c22-3 (core)	ORTHO HCV ELISA test system	92%-95%		[118,119]
	3rd generation EIA	c100-3 (NS3-NS4), c33-c (NS3), c22-3 (core), NS5	ORTHO HCV 3.0 ELISA (Ortho)/ETI-AB-HCVK Sorin	95%-99%	99%	[57,118]
	4th generation EIA		Monolisa™ HCV AgAb ULTRA (BioRad)/HCV Murex AgAb (Abbott)	100%	99.5%	[117,133,144]
MEIA		HCr43 (Fusion core e NS3), c200 (NS3 - NS4), c100-3 (NS3-NS4), NS5	AxSYM® HCV 3.0 (Abbott)	100%	99.8%	[117,118]
ECLIA		Core, NS3 and NS4 proteins	Elecsys anti-HCV assay (Roche)	100%	99.7%	[117,118]
CLIA		[c22-3 (core), c200 (NS3 - NS4) and NS5]	ARCHITECT i4000 anti-HCV assay (Abbott); VITROS Eci anti-HCV assay (Ortho)	99.5%	98.2%	[145]
CMIA		HCr43 (core - NS3), c100-3 (NS3-NS4)	ARCHITECT® anti-HCV (Abbott)	99.1%	99.6%	[146]
RIBA	RIBA-1	5-1-1 (NS4) e c100-3 (NS3-NS4)		NP	NP	[118]
	RIBA-2	5-1-1 (NS4), c100-3 (NS3-NS4), c33-c (NS3), c22-3 (core)	Chiron RIBA-2.0 RIBA-2	NP	NP	[148]
	RIBA-3	c100-3 (NS3-NS4), c33-c (NS3), c22-3 (core), NS5	Chiron RIBA HCV 3.0 SIA	NP	NP	[118]
Biosensor technology		Core protein (p22 fusion protein), NS3, NS4 and NS5	mBio Diagnostics® company	NP	NP	[57,137]

NP: Not presented; EIA: Enzyme immunoassay; MEIA: Micro-particle enzyme immunoassay; ECLIA: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay; CLIA: Chemiluminescence immunoassay; CMIA: Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay; RIBA: Recombinant immunoblot assays; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.