Purinergic signaling and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome: From viral entry to therapy

Figure 2 Schematic illustration of ATP release and activation of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 inflamassome in a human immunodeficiency virus infected CD4 T cell. Once human immunodeficiency virus gp120 binds to its receptor ATP release is stimulated through pannexin hemichannels with consequent activation of P2X7 receptor. The influx of potassium causes the activation of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammassome leading to cell death via Caspase-1.